antitrust

antitrust

1. John Taladay is a partner in the government antitrust practice of Howrey LLP in Washington DC.He says China's not playing by the same rules.

(查人名和公司名的精确拼写是精听中“完成其它规定动作之后的自选动作”。

2. A law regulating the railroads was enacted in 1887 (Interstate Commerce Act) and another, preventing large firms from controlling a single industry, in 1890 (Sherman Antitrust Act).

1887年通过了对铁路部门实行调控的法案（州际商务法），1890年通过了另一项防止大公司垄断某行业的法案（谢尔曼反托拉斯法）。

3. In 1890 Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act, a law aimed at restoring competition and free enterprise by breaking up big business combinations known as monopolies.

1890年国会通过“谢尔曼反托拉斯法”，目的是要拆散被称为“垄断企业”的大联合企业，以恢复竞争和自由企业制。

4. The government responded in 1890 with the Sherman Antitrust Act, which made it illegal for any person or business to monopolize trade , or to contract, combine or conspire to restrict trade .

1890年政府通过了“谢尔曼反托拉斯法”，规定任何个人或企业垄断贸易，或通过签约、联合或共谋来限制贸易的行为均属非法。

5. An antitrust judgment in 1954 forced the firm to release its stranglehold on the shoe machinery market.

1954年一项反托拉斯裁决迫使这家公司放弃在制鞋机械市场的垄断地位。

6. In 1986, PepsiCo was indicted on charges of conspiring to fix softdrink prices in Virginia and obstructing a federal grand jury investigation of the alleged antitrust violations (WSJ 29 October 1986).

1986年，百事公司被控企图操纵弗吉尼亚州饮料价格，并制造障碍阻挠联邦大陪审团调查此项违反反垄断法行为（华尔街日报1986年10月29日）。

7. In 2007 a committee of antitrust experts appointed by the American government proposed a test for whether bundling is predatory.

2007年，美国政府任命的反托拉斯专家委员会提出了一项检测捆绑销售是否具备掠夺性的测试。

8. In August, China passed an antimonopoly law similar to antitrust regulation in the European Union.

8月份，中国通过了一项与欧盟反垄断法相似的法律。

9. Ms Varney's remarks suggest that the transatlantic flow of ideas on antitrust policy may now be moving from east to west.

Varney的讲话表明反垄断政策的观点正横跨大西洋从东流向西。

10. Pfizer the drug manufacturer was guilty of antitrust violations.

“辉瑞”制药公司因违反反托拉斯法而被判有罪...

11. A century ago, for example, the formation of economic monopolies threatened the public interest, prompting the passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1890.

一世纪前，由于经济垄断威胁了公众利益，促使1890年谢尔曼反托辣斯法的通过；

12. Some people might think this is really an effort to improve your image, which has taken some hits at the antitrust trial.

一些人也许认为目前进行的反托拉斯试验活动，通过这种捐款行为可以提高你的形象。

13. Some companies would like to see more aggressive antitrust enforcement against their rivals, while others could be hurt by it.

一些公司希望可以看到政府对伤害过他们的竞争对手，更多积极的执行反垄断政策。

14. One thing that should be unleashed immediately is antitrust: on a local level many hospitals and doctors work as price-fixing cabals.

一些必须立即解决的事是信任危机，在当地级别上，很多的医院和医生是作为价格固定的密谋同党工作的。

15. Last week antitrust lawyers filed two sets of documents to get the merger approved by the European Commission in Brussels.

上周反托拉斯律师向位于布鲁塞尔的欧盟委员会提交了两份这次合并案的相关文件。

16. Now, with AMD's recent allegations and a March ruling by Japan's Fair Trade Commission that found that Intel had violated antitrust laws, the commission felt Intel merited another look.

不过由于AMD最近提交的诉状，以及日本公正交易委员会突击检查了英特尔办公室，调查其可能违反反托拉斯法后，欧盟将继续其对英特尔的调查。

17. Yet lawyers warn against viewing the antitrust laws as a panacea.

不过，律师们警告，不要将反垄断法视为万能药。

18. Compared with ex post licensing. ex ante licensing can improve social welfare under the framework of antitrust law.

与事后许可相比，事前许可能在反拉斯法的框架下导致社会褔利的帕累托改进。

19. With its antitrust actions, the government turned its attention to reining in technology giants like AT&T and IBM.

与它的反托拉斯行动，政府将注意力转向遏制在技术巨人一样， AT & T公司和IBM 。

20. Patent licensing and antitrust law are uniform in nature.However, in patent licensing, the patentee may impose some restraints upon the licensee, which may serves as obstacles to market competition.

专利许可和反垄断法在本质上并不必然存在矛盾，但是在专利许可活动中，专利权人往往会对被许可人做出一些限制，这些限制有时候会起到了限制竞争的效果。

21. The new law, which took effect last month, attempts to streamline and standardize the government's antitrust activities.

中国新的反垄断法上个月正式生效，意在促进和规范政府的反垄断操作。

22. With the US Department of Justice already investigating antitrust concerns relating to the case, the other big dogs just couldn't restrain themselves from pitching in together for a united whinge.

为什么这么重要的事情不是首席执行官亲自来做呢!我百忙之中抽出时间来听这个商业计划书，但是对方却让一个无足轻重的小子来为我讲解，这太不公平了。

23. Associate Professor, University of British Columbia, Canada.Research and teaching: microeconomic theory, industrial organization and antitrust economics.

主要研究和教学领域：微观理论、产业组织、反垄断经济学。

24. Primariliy has addressed identifying and avoiding agreements that violate (and communications that could be use as evidence of agreements that violate)antitrust laws without any evidence of harm to competition.

主要讨论识别和避免没有证据显示对竞争损害的违反反托拉斯法的协议（和能用作违反反托拉斯法协议证据的通讯）?

25. Clarity is also essential when it comes to persuading antitrust watchdogs that a link-up is benign.

举例来说，报纸间的差异主要体现在社论和广告版面的销售情况上。

26. From 1904 to 1914 the federal government on the whole succeeded in compelling the great corporations to comply with the antitrust law.

从1904到1914年，联邦政府在迫使大公司遵守反托拉斯法方面，基本上是成功的。

27. Chafee became recognized as an expert on civil liberties, influencing Louis Brandeis and Oliver Wendell, Jr.Holmes He was also an authority on equity, negotiable instruments, and antitrust law.

他也是衡平法、流通票据法和反托拉斯法的权威。

28. Any doubts that China's revamped antitrust regime would not punch its weight have been laid to rest.

任何怀疑中国新反垄断制度徒具其表的想法都已烟消云散。

29. The Antitrust Laws'Assess of Joint Venture Act

企业合资行为的反垄断法考察

30. Fernando S.Ugarte,International Harmonization of Competition Policy,Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Bar Association Section of Antitrust Law,August 12,2002.

但到现在为止,已经至少有100个国颁布了各种形式的反垄断法,其中至少有60个国家对合并控制制订了相应的法律规则.

31. But Indian agencies have become noticeably more zealous in championing consumer protection issues under the existing, weaker antitrust regime.

但印度机构明显更热衷于在现有的、比较薄弱的反垄断制度下支持消费者保护问题。

32. But what is certain is that the final result will definitely not like Google and Yahoo currently envisaged, in order to avoid antitrust problems.

但可以肯定的是，最终的结果肯定不会象谷歌与雅虎当前设想的一样，以免引起反托拉斯问题。

33. However, if there is evidence that the operators of the gasoline stations talked to each other about increasing prices, it may be an antitrust violation.

但是，若有证据表明加油站的经营者对有关提价事项进行了协商并达成一致，这可能就违反了反托拉斯法的规定。

34. But since BHP's takeover would be conditional on antitrust approval, which could take months, Chinalco has a number of options in the meantime.

但由于必和必拓的收购需要经过反垄断部门的通过，这需要花费数月时间决定，所以中国铝业现在还有很多种选择。

35. If so, the town is immune from the antitrust laws under the state action doctrine, which says that the antitrust laws are not meant to apply to the actions of a state.

倘若如此，小镇实施的政府授权下的行为就不受反托拉斯法的规制，也就是说，反托拉斯法不适用于政府行为。

36. The Clayton Antitrust Act tried to define more clearly what was meant by restraint of trade.

克雷顿反托拉斯法对“限制贸易”的含义作出更明确的规定。

37. Microsoft's antitrust nemesis Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly insisted it work more quickly to produce the systems documents that software makers need to write Windows apps.

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38. The five-year-old antitrust battles in Washington came to an end last year with a ruling that barely rapped the software giant on the knuckles.

关于微软涉嫌垄断的官司在美国打了五年后到底在去年年底结束，最后的宣判结果可以说基本上没有对微软产生什么负面影响。

39. Its core business of domestic oil exploration is closed to foreign competition, and it is part of a government-controlled domestic oligopoly that may violate Western countries' antitrust rules.

其核心的国内原油开采业务对外国竞争不开放，它还是可能违反了西方国家反垄断法的政府控制的国内寡头的分支。

40. Mr Lewkow thinks some companies are rushing to do attractive but“ dicier” deals( from an antitrust standpoint) in the hope of getting them approved before the change of president, and a possible tightening of enforcement policies.

卢科认为，一些公司急着做成有吸引力但风险更大的交易（在反垄断的立场上）希望在总统换任之前把交易敲定，并且加紧政策的执行。

41. Even if now, american antitrust authorities oppugns Gu Ge possibly also to sell the plan to Yahoo website ad.

即使是现在，美国反垄断当局也可能质疑谷歌将广告卖到雅虎网站上的计划。

42. It was wishful thinking then, and remains so today, as long-running antitrust actions flare up again and regulators ponder new moves against the industry's giants.

即使是理想化的看法，到现在依旧如此，当他们的行为又开始违反托拉斯法时，执法人员思考要如何重新对抗企业钜子。

43. In time, antitrust authorities came to appreciate Williamson's logic, and a wide range of businesses now place restrictions on who can sell their products and how.

反垄断权威们及时前来领会威廉姆森的逻辑思想，现在各种各样的工商企业在向谁以及如何出售自身产品上都做出了限定。

44. The Definition of Relevant Market in Antitrust Laws

反垄断法中相关市场的界定标准

45. How we face the extraterritorial applications of Antitrust Law in USAand Competition Law in EU ,will determine how we best serve our own business interests and maintain our national sovereignty.

反垄断法是在考虑到经济资源的分配效率是在竞争市场中完成的基础上，-为确保竟争力乃至效率性而产生的法律。

46. Guilds in the viewing field of antitrust law

反垄断法视野中的行业协会

47. The type of forestall compasses patternmaking of antitrust legislation can be divided roughly for behavior creed, structuralism type of patternmaking of two kinds of compasses.

反垄断立法的垄断规制模式大致可分为行为主义、结构主义两种规制模式。反垄断立法垄断规制模式选择必须合理 ,才能促进经济发展。

48. Antitrust authorities use the same standards applied to predatory pricing claims under the Sherman Act and the FTC Act to evaluate allegations of price discrimination used for this purpose.

反托拉斯当局对适用于谢尔曼法和联邦贸易委员会法规制下的掠夺性定价的指控采同一标准以评估关于此类价格歧视行为的抗辩。

49. Antitrust authorities must investigate the effect and purpose of an agreement to determine its legality.

反托拉斯当局需要通过调查该协定的影响和目的来确认其合法性。

50. Antitrust Government opposition to monopolies in the interest of competition. Established in the U.S. In 1890 by the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.

反托拉斯政府为了实现竞争而对垄断的限制。1890年在美国制定了谢尔曼反托拉斯法案。

51. The antitrust laws are further complicated by the fact that many business practices can have a reasonable business justification even if they limit competition in some way.

反托拉斯法亦基于一个这样的事实而趋于复杂化。那就是许多商事行为虽然在某种程度上限制了竞争，但它们拥有正当的商事抗辩理由。

52. The antitrust laws, however, give a manufacturer latitude to adopt a policy regarding a desired level of resale prices and to deal only with retailers who independently decide to follow that policy.

反托拉斯法充许制造商在一定的价格浮动范围内采用其所意愿的最低转售价格政策，及只与可独立贯彻该政策的零售商交易。

53. The antitrust laws describe unlawful practices in general terms, leaving it to the courts to decide what specific practices are illegal based on the facts and circumstances of each case.

反托拉斯法只是在总体上描述了一些非法的实践，而让各法院根据每个案件的事实和背景去确定其具体的违法行为。

54. Antitrust laws are a set of laws in the USA that aim to prevent large companies from controling all of the market for their products or services.

反托拉斯法是美国制定的一套法律,目的在于防止大公司对其商品或服务实行市场垄断。

55. Antitrust law Law aimed at preventingmonopolies, price-fixing agreements, andother obstacles to free market competition.

反托拉斯法，反垄断法旨在防止垄断、定价格以及其他阻碍自由市场竞争的法规。

56. The antitrust laws do not interfere with business decisions like these as long as the manufacturer acts unilaterally and not as part of a scheme to monopolize a market.

只要制造商的行动是单方面的且不是垄断市场计划的一部分，反托拉斯法就不会干涉企业所做出的此类商业决定。

57. Coca-Cola set for EU antitrust agreement

可口可乐将与欧盟委员会达成有关协议

58. As with other forms of private property, certain types of conduct with respect to intellectual property may have anticompetitive effects against which the antitrust laws can and do protect.

同其他形式的私人财产一样，有关知识产权某些类型的行为可能具有反托拉斯法可能并实际阻止的反竞争效果。

59. At the same time,we should adopt bilateral(agreements) and multilateral agreements to resolve the conflicts of antitrust ...

同时采用双边协定与多边协定并用的方式来解决域外适用中的冲突。

60. The Paramount-Famous-Lasky Corporation disputed the charges and as result the FTC announced they would ask the government to pursue antitrust action.

名人名剧－拉斯基公司对结果表示质疑，联邦贸易委员会声明，它们必须要求政府在反垄断行动中表现积极。

61. In a statement Wednesday, Microsoft reiterated its bid is fair and pointed out the antitrust problems likely to prevent Google and Yahoo from working together.

周三在一份声明中，微软重申其收购价是十分公正的，而且指出了反垄断的问题，可能是想借此阻挠谷歌与雅虎之间的合作。

62. Department of Justice Antitrust Division

和司法部反托拉斯局

63. In the end, either the Antitrust Division will fail, or the courts will bend in a way that unsettles the law.

因此基于各当事人的利益，这种非常简单的关于反垄断的经济谬误竟然长期存在并被顽固鼓吹，便不难理解。

64. The Standard Oil and Tobacco decisions represented, therefore, a complete accommodation of legal doctrine to prevailing antitrust sentiment.

因此，美孚石油公司和美国烟草公司两案的判决，表明法律原则完全适应当前群众的反托拉斯情绪。

65. On one antitrust issue, though, the transatlantic gulf has been unusually wide: how to deal with firms with a market share so large as to dwarf their rivals.

在一个反垄断的案例中，尽管，大洋两岸的海湾异常宽广，但是对于怎么处理企业间的市场占有率问题，这个大问题已经弱化了彼此的竞争对手关系。

66. At a secret meeting in San Diego in April, representatives of the nation's top newspapers first broached the subject of temporarily relaxing antitrust laws preventing price-fixing in the industry.

在今年4月圣地亚哥召开的一个秘密会议上，来自美国顶级报纸的代表们首先提出了暂时放松旨在防范报业价格操纵的反垄断法。

67. After its own antitrust authority and the EU approved E.ON's proposal in April, the government's obstructionism intensified.

在其本国的反垄断机构与欧盟都在四月份核准了E.ON公司的方案之后，来自西班牙政府的蓄意阻挠变得更强了。

68. IT TOOK more time than the Long March and the Great Leap Forward combined, but after 14 years of wrangling China will introduce a comprehensive antitrust law on August 1st.

在历经十四年的争论之后，中国终于要在8月1日实施一项综合性的反垄断法了。

69. The values of populism, which originated in the traditional social and political ideology of America, later dominated the development of antitrust law.

在后来的发展过程中，受到美国传统的社会政治理念影响，平民主义的价值观念曾主导美国的反垄断法。

70. Consequently,we should locate it rightly during the legislation of Antitrust Act.We should adopt flexible principles of antitrust extraterritoriality,not localize stated mode.

在我国的反垄断立法过程中,我们首先应采用灵活的域外适用原则,而不局限于固定的模式;

71. As a demonstration of the vigorous enforcement of U.S. antitrust laws and the effort to safeguard competition, the AT&T breakup was an unqualified success.

在显示美国人严格执行反托拉斯法以保护竞争方面，美国电话电报公司的分离是一个全面的成功。

72. If enforced both promptly and evenhandedly, strong antitrust laws will mark a step towards competitive capitalism, rather than crony capitalism, in both countries.

如果能迅速、公平地得到执行，强有力的反垄断法会使两国向自由竞争的资本主义(而非裙带资本主义(cronycapitalism))前进一步。

73. Such cartel results in the losses of social welfare and disadvantages to customers.The antitrust law does not allow them, which regulates market transactions in good order.

如此联合垄断造成社会福利损失与不利消费者，也是规范市场交易秩序的公平交易法，所不允许的“联合行为”。

74. Venezuela's fair trade board is scheduled to rule next month on Pepsi's claim that the Cisneros defection violated the country's antitrust laws.

委内瑞拉的公平贸易局定规则下月百事可乐声称西斯奈罗斯叛逃侵犯该国的反托拉斯法。

75. No order of the commission, board, or Secretary or judgment of the court to enforce the same shall in anywise relieve or absolve any person from any liability under the antitrust laws.

委员会（局）命令或法院执行委员会命令的判决，不能免于任何人基于反托拉斯法所承担的责任。

76. Senator Herb Kohl, a Democrat from Wisconsin who is chairman of the Senate antitrust subcommittee, said his committee would closely examine the venture.

威斯康星州参议员HerbKohl是参议院反垄断委员会的长远，他说委员会将密切关注这一交易。

77. It is suing Speedo's parent company, Warnaco Swimwear, Mr Schubert (for more or less insisting that members of his team wear the LZR) and others on antitrust grounds.

它则和其他反托拉斯机构一起起诉急速公司母公司的Warnaco Swimwear。而Schubert先生则多多少少要求他的队员都穿LZR。

78. It was sued by the U.S. federal government for violating antitrust law.

它被美国联邦政府指控违反了反托拉斯法。

79. Actually, the "rule of reason" was the only standard by which the antitrust Law could be enforced, as the court had tacitly admitted years before.

实际上,正如法院多年前已默认的那样,合理法则是反托拉斯法得以实施的唯一标准。

80. Actually, the "rule of reason" was the only standard by which the antitrust Law could be enfored, as the court had tacitly admitted years before .

实际上，正如法院多年前已默认的那样，合理法则是反托拉斯法得以实施的唯一标准。