charter

charter
noun
  1. a written grant by the sovereign or legislative power of a country, by which a body such as a borough, company, or university is created or its rights and privileges defined
    （君主或立法机构对建立自治城镇、公司或大学，或明确说明其权利和特权的）特许状，凭照，许可证
    ■a written constitution or description of an organization's functions
    宪章；共同纲领
    ■[with modifier](in the UK) a written statement of the rights that a specified group of people has or should have
    （英国）权利书
    the standard set by the patient's charter.
    病人权利书规定的标准。
    ■(a charter for)a decision or piece of legislation regarded as enabling people to engage more easily in a specified undesirable activity
    （颁给特定不当行为的）许可证
    he described the act as a charter for vandals.
    他说那项法令是颁给破坏公物者的许可证。
  2. [mass noun]the hiring of an aircraft, ship, or motor vehicle for a special purpose
    （飞机、船只、机动车的）租用，包租
    a plane on charter to a multinational company.
    一家跨国公司的包机。
    ■[count noun]a ship or vehicle that is hired
    包租船；包租车
    ■[count noun]a trip made by a ship or vehicle under hire
    租船（或车）旅行
    he liked to see the boat sparkling clean before each charter.
    每次租船旅行前，他总要求船只洁净光亮。
verb
[with obj.]
  1. [usu. as adj. chartered]grant a charter to (a city, university, or other body)
    授予（城市，大学，其他团体）特许状
    chartered corporations.
    有特许状的公司。
  2. hire (an aircraft, ship, or motor vehicle)
    租用（飞机，船只，机动车）
语源
  1. Middle English: from Old French chartre, from Latin chartula, diminutive of charta 'paper' (see card)
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