[mass noun]the stage of human social development and organization which is considered most advanced 文明 the Victorians equated the railways with progress and civilization. 维多利亚时代的人将铁路视为文明和进步。 ■the process by which a society or place reaches this stage 文明进程 ■the society, culture, and way of life of a particular area 特定地区的社会、文化、生活方式;文化,文明 the great books of Western civilization. 讲述西方文明的伟大书籍。 [count noun]the early civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt. 美索不达米亚和埃及的早期文明。 ■the comfort and convenience of modern life, regarded as available only in towns and cities (城镇的)舒适便捷的现代生活 in the UK nowhere is very far from civilization. 在英国没有一处地方过不上舒适便捷的现代生活。