excavate

excavate
[ˈɛkskəveɪt]
verb
[with obj.]
  1. make (a hole or channel) by digging
    挖掘；开凿（洞，渠）
    the cheapest way of doing this was to excavate a long trench.
    干这事儿花费最少的方法就是挖一条长长的沟。
    ■dig out material from (the ground)
    从（地下）挖出
    the ground was largely excavated by hand.
    地面大部分都是手挖的。
    ■extract (material) from the ground by digging
    挖出（材料）
    a very large amount of gravel would be excavated to form the channel.
    大量的砾石将被挖掘出来用于修建水渠。
  2. remove earth carefully and systematically from (an area) in order to find buried remains
    在（一地区）掘墓
    ■reveal or extract (buried remains) in this way
    出土（埋藏的剩余物）
    clothing and weapons were excavated from the burial site.
    从墓里掘出衣物和武器。
语源
  1. late 16th cent.: from Latin excavat- 'hollowed out', from the verb excavare, from ex- 'out' + cavare 'make or become hollow' (from cavus 'hollow')
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