flake

flake¹
noun

a small, flat, very thin piece of something, typically one which has broken away or been peeled off from a larger piece
薄片，一小片（尤指裂片、碎片或削片）
paint peeling off the walls in unsightly flakes.
从墙上脱落的斑驳丑陋的油漆片。
flakes of pastry.
酥皮片。
■a snowflake
雪花，雪片
■(Archaeology)a piece of hard stone chipped off for use as a tool by prehistoric humans
(考古)（史前人类用作工具的）坚硬石片
[as modifier]flake tools.
硬石片工具。
■[mass noun]thin pieces of crushed dried food or bait for fish
脱水食物碎片；小片鱼饵
(N. Amer. informal)a crazy or eccentric person
(北美，非正式)疯子；行为古怪者

verb

[no obj.]come or fall away from a surface in thin pieces
剥落，成片状脱落
the paint had been flaking off for years.
这油漆多年来不停地在脱落。
■lose small fragments from the surface
表面片状剥落
my nails have started to flake at the ends.
我的指甲底部已开始剥落。
[with obj.]break or divide (food) into thin pieces
把（食物）切成薄片
flake the fish.
切鱼片。
[as adj. flaked]flaked almonds.
杏仁片。
■[no obj.](of food) come apart in thin pieces
（食物）散成片

语源

Middle English: the immediate source is unknown, the senses perhaps deriving from different words; probably of Germanic origin and related to flag and flaw

flake²
noun

a rack or shelf for storing or drying food such as fish
储放（或干燥）鱼等食物用的架子；晒鱼架；食物储放架

语源

Middle English (denoting a wicker hurdle): perhaps of Scandinavian origin and related to Old Norse flaki, fleki 'wicker shield' and Danish flage 'hurdle'

flake³
verb

[no obj.](flake out)(informal)fall asleep; drop from exhaustion
(非正式)入睡；精疲力尽

语源

late 15th cent. (in the senses 'become languid and (of a garment) fall in folds'): variant of obsolete flack and the verb flag. The current sense dates from the 1940s

flake⁴
(亦作 fake)
(Nautical)(航海)
noun

a single turn of a coiled rope or hawser
（卷绳或盘索的）一圈

verb

[with obj.]lay (a rope) in loose coils in order to prevent it tangling
（为防缠绕而）把（绳子）松松挽好
a cable had to be flaked out.
有根电缆需要挽好。
■lay (a sail) down in folds either side of the boom
把（帆）在主桅两边落下叠好

语源

early 17th cent. (as a noun): of unknown origin; compare with German Flechte in the same sense

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