fracture

fracture
noun
[mass noun]
  1. the cracking or breaking of a hard object or material
    破裂，断裂，折断
    ground movements could cause fracture of the pipe.
    地面活动可能会使管道断裂。
    ■[count noun]a crack or break in a hard object or material, typically a bone or a rock stratum
    （尤指骨、岩层的）裂缝；裂痕；骨折
    a fracture of the left leg.
    左腿骨折。
    ■the physical appearance of a freshly broken rock or mineral, especially as regards the shape of the surface formed
    （刚断裂的岩石或矿石的）断口，断面
  2. (Phonetics)the replacement of a simple vowel by a diphthong owing to the influence of a following sound, typically a consonant
    (语音)元音分裂
    ■[count noun]a diphthong substituted in this way
    由简单元音分裂成的复合元音
verb
  1. break or cause to break
    分裂；使破裂，使折断
    [no obj.]the stone has fractured.
    这块石头已经断裂了。
    [with obj.]ancient magmas fractured by the forces of wind and ice.
    被风和冰的力量弄裂的古代岩浆。
    ■[with obj.]sustain a fracture of (a bone)
    遭受（骨的）断裂
    [as adj. fractured]she suffered a fractured skull.
    她遭受了颅骨骨折。
    ■(figurative)( with reference to an organization or other abstract thing) split or fragment so as to no longer function or exist[no obj.]
    (喻)（组织机构或抽象事物的）瓦解；分裂，破裂
    the movement had fractured without his leadership.
    这一运动在他未参与领导的情况下破裂了。
    ■[as adj. fractured](of speech or a language) broken
    （讲话，语言）断断续续的
语源
  1. late Middle English: from French, or from Latin fractura, from frangere 'to break'
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