koza

koza

1. 3 Koza , John R .Genetic Programming/Automatic Discovery of Reusable Program . Cambridge ,MA. The MIT Press , 1995

4潘正君，康立山，陈玉屏.演化计算.北京：清华大学出版社，1998

2. The heartwarming beauty we perceive in f=ma is reinforced by the cold fact that it is a much easier formula to use than Koza's spiral monster.

f=ma这个公式比柯扎确定螺旋线的怪物使用起来容易得多，这更强化了我们从公式中感受到的温馨美。

3. A typical riddle which Koza subjected to this cure was how to balance a broom on a skateboard.

一个采用了柯扎这种解决办法的经典谜题（riddle）是如何让一个扫把在滑板上保持平衡。

4. For the same reason computer experts said Ray's scheme of computer evolution couldn't work, Koza's desire to "find" equations by breeding them bucked convention.

与计算机专家认为雷的计算机进化方案不起作用的理由相同，柯扎通过繁衍的方式“找到”方程的想法也有违常规。

5. The surprise of artificial evolution has been that conventional wisdom was so wrong. Sims, Ray, and Koza have wonderful evidence that logical programs can evolve by progressive modifications.

人工进化的惊人发现在于传统知识错误百出。辛姆斯、雷和柯扎都拥有证明逻辑程序可以通过渐进改良方式演化的绝妙证据。

6. Coevolution theory thinks that the change is the outcome of the interaction between objective intentions and environment (Lewin and Koza,2001;

共同演化理论认为，变化是主体意图性和环境效应共同作用的结果（Lewin and Koza,2001;

7. In this farfetched idea, Koza would keep rewarding the equations which drew a picture that even minutely increased milk production until there was no further increase.

出于这种异想天开的想法，对于那些所画图像哪怕只是轻微增加牛奶产量的方程，柯扎都会不断给予奖赏。

8. There was no evolutionary pressure in Koza's world toward simple solutions.

在柯扎的世界里没有指向简易解决方案的进化压力。

9. In each case, Koza's system sought a formula for the test problem rather than a specific answer for a specific instance of the test.

在每种情况下，柯扎的系统都在寻找一个针对测试问题的公式，而不是针对特定测试事例的特定答案。

10. When Koza began to inspect the insides of his highly evolved prizes, he had the same shock that Sims and Ray did: the solutions were a mess!

当柯扎开始检查他的高度演化战利品内部时，他象辛姆斯和雷那样感到震惊：那些解决方案[简直]是一团糟！

11. = Zeikin o koza furikae ni shitai no desu ga.

我想通过自动银行转帐缴纳税金。

12. Koza loaded his soup with 10,000 randomly generated computer formulas.He let them breed, as his machine selected the equations that came closest to getting the right formula.

拿柯扎曾经在他的进化机器上运行的问题作例子。

13. Koza found he could evolve a program to achieve this control.

柯扎发现，他可以演化出一个程序来实现这种控制。

14. Koza tried applying parsimony in other runs but found that parsimony added to the beginning of a run dampened the efficiency of the solutions.

柯扎尝试在另一次运行中添加点简约性[元素]，但发现在运作开端加入的简约性[元素]降低了解决方案的效率。

15. Rather than merely explore the space of possible equations, as Sims the artist did, Koza wanted to breed the best equation to solve a particular problem.

柯扎想繁衍出解决特定问题的最佳方程，而不是像艺术家辛姆斯那样只是探查可用的方程。

16. Humans seek a simple formula such as Newton's f=ma, Koza suggests, because it reflects our innate faith that at bottom there is elegant order in the universe.

柯扎提出，人类寻找如牛顿的f=ma那样简单的公式，因为它合乎我们与生俱来的信念：世上必有简练秩序（elegantorder）存在。

17. Koza's soup, too, was a mixture of about a dozen arithmetical primitives, such as add, multiply, cosine, rendered in the computer language LISP.

柯扎的“数据汤”（soup）也是大约一打的数学基元的混合物，诸如加、乘、余弦，它们也以计算机语言LISP的形式表现出来。

18. Koza's method was based on the intuitive hunch that if two mathematical equations are somewhat effective in solving a problem, then some parts of them are valuable.

柯扎的方法基于一种直觉，即如果两个数学方程在解决一个问题时多少有些效果，那么它们的某些部分就是有价值的。

19. Koza's method can evolve the equations that would draw that particular picture.

柯扎的方法就可以演化出能画出那一特定图像的方程。

20. Koza's system created 500 to 10,000 different individual logic trees as the breeding population.

柯扎的系统像繁殖人口一样创建了500到10,000个不同的独立逻辑树。

21. Koza's evolutionary equation machine had to evolve the best equation capable of determining on which of the two intertwined spiral lines each of about 200 data points lay.

柯扎的进化方程机不得不演化出具有判定两条缠绕的螺旋线上各自大约200个数据点的所在位置能力的最佳方程式。

22. Evolution, says Koza, is the answer.

柯扎认为，进化就是答案。

23. For his actual experiments, though, Koza choose more practical tests, such as finding an equation that could steer a moving robot.

话虽这么说，柯扎还是为他的实际实验选择了更实用的测试，比如找出一个能操纵移动机器人的方程。

24. = Donna koza ga arimasu ka?

请问开设有哪些讲座？

25. The evolving equations of Sims and Koza are the first step toward a self-reprogramming machine.

辛姆斯和柯扎的进化方程是通向自我改编程序机的第一步。

26. Both Sims's selection of images and Koza's selection of software via the breeding of logic are examples of what biologists call breeding or artificial selection.

辛姆斯的图像遴选和柯扎那通过逻辑的繁衍进行的程序遴选都是生物学家称为育种或人工选择的例子。

27. While Koza slept, the program trees swapped branches, occasionally birthing a program that worked better.

那是一个互相缠绕的两条螺旋线的图形。