palaearctic

palaearctic

1. The herpetofauna is mainly composed of species distributed both Central-China and South-China region, and a few widespread species, no Palaearctic Realm species.

2006年8月上旬，前后3次对该保护区爬行动物资源进行了实地考察，首次报道保护区现已记录27种爬行动物，隶属3目9科，占江西省80种爬行动物的33.75%。

2. Among 55 species of breeding birds,38 species(69.1%) are Palaearctic ones,indicating that Palaearctic species is the major component in the avifauna.

55种繁殖鸟类中古北种有38种,占繁殖鸟总数的69.1%,区系上明显以古北界成分为主。

3. Among 74 species breeding birds, 58 species (78.4%) are Palaearctic species,8 species(10.8%) Oriental species and 8 species(10.8%) cosmopolite species.

74种繁殖鸟中古北种58种(78.4%)、东洋种8种(10.8%)、广布种8种(10.8%)，鸟类组成明显以古北界成分为主。

4. 5. Among 74 species breeding birds, 58 species (78.4%) are Palaearctic species,8 species(10.8%) Oriental species and 8 species(10.8%) cosmopolite species.

74种繁殖鸟中古北种58种(78.4%)、东洋种8种(10.8%)、广布种8种(10.8%)，鸟类组成明显以古北界成分为主。收藏指正

5. The result indicates that Adelgidae species in the world are represented by 59 known species, which belonging to 8 genera, and mainly distribute on Nearctic and Palaearctic.

世界球蚜有8属5 9种,区系成分主要是新北区、古北区。

6. 36 species (63%) belong to Palaearctic, 14 species (25%) belong to Oriental, and 7 species (12%) are wide spread species.

东洋成分有 14种 ,占 2 5%; 广布种有 7种 ,占 12%。

7. 12 species of oriental region,2 of Palaearctic region and 29 of widespread.

东洋界鸟类 12种 ,古北界鸟类 2种 ,广布性鸟类 2 9种。

8. 39 species are the birds of the Oriental region, 25 species of Palaearctic region, and 14 species cosmopolitan.

东洋种39种,古北种25种,广布种14种;

9. There are 5 genera and 11 species in Loess Plateau of middle part, among these species, 6 species of palaearctic region, 5 species are widespread species.

中部黄土高原虻科5属11种，其中古北界成分6种，广布种成分5种；

10. There are 49 species in Linxia, of which there are 24 palaearctic species, 48.06%;

临夏地区总种数49种,古北种24种,占临夏蓟马总种数的48.06%;

11. Keywords Calliphoridae;Zoogeography;Fauna;Oriental region;Palaearctic region;

丽蝇科;动物地理;区系;东洋界;古北界;

12. the Rutelidae consisted of 22.22% Palaearctic species, 38.89% Oriental species, and also 38.89% Palaearctic and Oriental common species;

丽金龟科中古北界种类占22.22%，东洋界和古北、东洋界共有种类各占38.89%；

13. The avian fauna are composed of 68 Palaearctic realm species(41.21%),90 Oriental realm species(54.54%)and 7 Eurytopic species(4.24%).

从地理型分析,东洋界种有90种(54.54%),古北界种68种(41.21%),广布种7种(42.24%)。

14. Keywords rodents;insectivora;lagomorpha;zoogeography;Oriental region;Palaearctic region;

关键词啮齿动物;食虫目;兔形目;动物区系;东洋界;古北界;

15. The 23 species(88.46%) belonged to Oriental realm and 3 species(11.54%) belonged to Palaearctic realm.

其中东洋界有23种,占88.46%; 古北界3种,占11.54%。

16. Among these,there were 48 common species of Orient and Palaerctic,42 Oriental species,17 Palaearctic species and 5 widespread species.

其中古北东洋共有种48种,东洋种42种,古北种17种,广布种5种。

17. Most species are Palaearctic type, contain 11 species, including 64.8%.Beijing has 4 species of monsoon type, 1 species of south-China type and 1 species of oriental type.

其中绝大多数为古北型，有11种，占68.75%，此外，有4种季风型、1种南中国型、1种东洋型。

18. Distribution in North America, Palaearctic, India and the north-west Himalayas mountain.

分布在北美，古北界，印度和西北喜马拉雅山脉。

19. Fauna analysis district showed that the butterflies property of Hangzhou should belong to a transition from Palaearctic to Oriental region.

区系分析结果表明,杭州地区蝴类以古北东洋共有种和东洋种为主要成份,属东洋区系范畴,并具有由东洋区向古北区过渡的特征。

20. Eighty species belong to the Oriental group,37 are Palaearctic species and 11 species belong to the Widespread group.

区系分析表明东洋界种80种,古北界种37种,广布种11种,分别占总数的62.50%,28.91%,8.59%。 东洋界种类占主导地位,鸟类的水平分布具过渡性特点。

21. The main element of fauna is oriental species which make up 60 9%, and the oriental palaearctic and world wide distribution species make up 36 9% and 2 2%,respectively.

区系成分以东洋种为主 ,占 6 0 .9% ,东洋古北兼有种占 36 .9% ,广布种仅占 2 .2%。

22. Among them, 30 are the Palaearctic species and account for 81% of the total.

区系成分较为复杂 ,含古北种、新北种和广布种 ,其中 ,古北种有 30种 ,占总数的 81% ;

23. Faunal specification showed that 76%of the whole were Oriental Realm elements;24%were cosmopolitan species;and no Palaearctic Realm elements were found (not including one unidentified species).

区系特点：东洋界成分占76%，东洋界古北界广布种占24%，无古北界成分(未定种一种不算在内)。

24. palaearctic subregion

古北亚区 古北极亚区

25. Palaearctic realm

古北区

26. PLEISTOCENE DISTRIBUTIONAL AND EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF THE GENUS SAIGA GRAY, 1843 (MAMMALIA, ARTIODACTYLA, BOVIDAE) IN THE PALAEARCTIC

古北区Saiga属(偶蹄目,牛科)在更新世时期的地理分布和进化历史

27. There are 6 genera (41 species) endemism type in Oriental realm while only 2 genera (24 species) endemism type in Palaearctic realm.

古北界特有分布型仅2属，但种类丰富，有24种。

28. Keywords blood-sucking midges;Ceratopogonidae;zoogeography;Orienta region;Palaearctic region;

吸血蠓;蠓科;动物地理;东洋界;古北界;

29. West Palaearctic Regional Section, International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants

国际有害动植物生物综合控制组织西古北区分部

30. There are 15 species of genus Hydrotaea in Hebei province, which all destribute in Palaearctic and 5 species only in Palaearctic.

在河北省发现齿股蝇属15种，古北区均有分布，其中5种仅在古北区有分布。

31. At species level,the fauna of Xishuangbanna is predominant in Oriental ones,the closest to Indo Australian,closer to Australasian,farther to Palaearctic,and the farthest to Neotropical and Malagasy regions.

在种级水平上， 以东洋界种占优势，与马来西亚界的关系最为密切， 与澳洲界的关系次之， 与古北界的关系第3， 与新热带界和马拉加西界的关系最远。

32. Among breeding birds, the rate of the Palaearctic species and Oriental species is 1: 3.87, which showes more characseristics of Oriental realm.

在繁殖鸟中古北界种类与东洋界种类之比为1:3.87，偏重于东洋界。

33. 6 species belong to Palaearctic realm, 3 species belong to Oriental, and 7 species belong to widespread between two realm.

在这些种类中古北界种6种,东洋界种3种,广布种类7种。

34. About 23species (17.8%) belonged to Oriental Realm, 75 species (58.1%) belonged to Palaearctic Realm, 30 species (23.3%) belonged to Peregrinus.

地理型上,东洋界鸟类约23种,占17.8%,古北界鸟类约75 种,占58.1%,广布种约30种,占23.3%。

35. The composition of bird has obvious character of Palaearctic region. There are 98 species (42. 6%) of summer migrants, 60 species (26.1%) of travelers, 17 species (7. 4%) of winter migrants, 55 species (23.9%) of resident birds.

夏候鸟98种(42.6%),旅鸟60种(26.1%),冬候鸟17种(7.4%),留鸟55种(23.9%).

36. Composition of the bufferfly fauna was dominated by Palaearctic species(74 spp. (55.22%)),followed by species distributed in both Palaearctic and Oriental regions(49 spp. 36.57%),the oriental species is only about 3.73%(5 spp.)

对保护区蝶类的区系进行了分析,其中东洋种3科5属5种,占3.73%; 古北种7科54属74种,占55.22%;

37. Avian funna are composed of 44.8 % species of Palaearctic realm species, 40.8% of Orienial realm species and 14.4% of epidemic species.

对繁殖鸟类的区系分析表明：古北界种类占繁殖鸟总数的44.8%，东洋界种类占40.8%，广布种占14.4%，古北界种类稍占优势。

38. Located in the interior of Yaku Island, at the meeting-point of the palaearctic and oriental biotic regions, Yakushima exhibits a rich flora, with some 1,900 species and subspecies, including ancient specimens of the sugi (Japanese cedar).

屋久岛位于古北区和远东生物区的交汇点，该岛拥有丰富的植物资源，大约有1,900种（亚种）植物，包括古老的杉树样本（日本杉）。

39. and the fifth,Compares the sim-ilarity and differention between these pentatomids and those in oriental and palaearctic regions.

我国蝽科昆虫与东洋、古北界若干地区种类异同比较。

40. Palaearctic The biogeographic realm comprising Europe, northern Asia and North Africa.

旧北区生物地理区，由欧洲、亚洲北部与北非所组成。

41. The species of genus Hydrotaea in Hebei province make up 30.00% of known Hydrotaea in China and have a Palaearctic distribution.

河北省齿股蝇属昆虫种数约占该科全国已知种数的30.00%，属于古北区系。

42. There are 5 genera and 28 species in Hexi Corridor, 25 species of palaearctic region, 3 species are widespread species.

河西走廊虻科5属28种，其中古北界成分25种，广布种成分3种；

43. Ellerman ,Morrison-scott. Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals[M]. London:The Trustees of the British Museum,1956 .

王酉之等.四川资源动物志：第二卷,兽类[M].成都：四川科学技术出版社,1984.

44. There are 5 genera and a total of 22 species in grassland area of south Gansu plateau,18 species of palaearctic region,4 species are widespread species.

甘南高原草原虻科5属22种,其中古北界成分18种,广布种成分4种;

45. palaearctic sweet potato

甘薯天蛾

46. At present, 87 percent of the sixty-one species of Vanessa which have been identified are distributed in Orient region, and 13 percent of them are distributed both in Orient region and palaearctic region.

目前已鉴定的61种蛱蝶中,87%分布在东洋区,13%分布在东洋区和古北区。

47. The Palaearctic species are in the dominant and a lot of common species coexist, it showed the character of the transition from Palaearctic region to Oriental region.

研究表明：古北种占优势，同时有大量共有种，表现出古北区向东洋区过渡的特征。

48. There are 4 genera and 12 species in hilly area of Qilian Mountains, 11 species of palaearctic region, 1 species are widespread species.

祁连山地虻科4属12种，其中古北界成分11种，广布种成分1种。

49. Results There are 15 species of genus Hydrotaea in Hebei province, which all destribute in Palaearctic and 5 species only in Palaearctic.

结果在河北省发现齿股蝇属15种，古北区均有分布，其中5种仅在古北区有分布。

50. The results shows that the birds from the Palaearctic realm were the subject in Ganjiahu nature reserve(about 82.4%);

结果表明：古北型鸟类是组成甘家湖自然保护区鸟类群落的主体(占记录总数的82.4%)；

51. Conclusion: The species of genus Lispe in Hebei Province make up 52.78% of known Lispe in China and have a Palaearctic distribution.

结论:河北省溜蝇属昆虫种数约占该科全国已知种数的52.78%,属于古北区系。

52. Conclusion The species of genus Limnophora occupied 27.59% of known Limnophora in China and Hebei province should be attached to palaearctic distribution.

结论河北省池蝇属昆虫种数约占该科全国已知种数的27.59%,属于古北区系。

53. Conclusion The species of Anthomyiidae in Hebei province made up 13.20% of known Anthomyiidae in China,5.50% of those in the world and most species had a Palaearctic distribution.

结论河北省花蝇科昆虫种数约占该科全国已知种数的13.20%,约占世界花蝇科种数的5.50%,动物区划属于古北区系。

54. Conclusion The species of genus Hydrotaea in Hebei province make up 30.00% of known Hydrotaea in China and have a Palaearctic distribution.

结论河北省齿股蝇属昆虫种数约占该科全国已知种数的30.00%,属于古北区系。

55. Conclusion: There is a rich diversity of blackflies in Shanxi province and it is showed that there is a fauna character of palaearctic realm.

结论：山西省具有蚋类多样性，反映了古北界的区系特征。

56. the Cetoniidae consisted of 16.67% Palaearctic species, 37.5% Oriental species, and 45.83% Palaearctic and Oriental common species;

花金龟科中古北界种类占16.67%，东洋界种类占37.5%，古北、东洋界共有种类占45.83%；

57. Keywords Flies;Fauna;Oriental region;Palaearctic region;

苍蝇;区系;东洋界;古北界;

58. Keywords Tabanidae;Fauna zoogeography;Oriental region;Palaearctic region;

虻科;动物区系;东洋界;古北界;

59. Keywords Siphonaptera fauna;Zoo-geography;Oriental region;Palaearctic region;

蚤目;动物区系;东洋界;古北界;

60. Chiropteran fauna showed the characteristics of Palaearctic, but the transitive characteristics of North-China region was even more showed, and that were differed greatly from the Chiropteran fauna of China.

表现了古北界动物地理的特征,更明显表现了华北地区的过渡特征,与全国翼手类以东洋界种为主的区系特征明显不同。

61. 6.Based on the statistics of the faunal compositions, the Lucanidae consisted of 60.0% Oriental species, and 40.0% Palaearctic and Oriental common species;

该林区科的区系分布结果为，锹甲科中属于东洋界的种类占60.0%，古北、东洋界共有种类占40.0%；

62. 5.Up to the present 239 species of the genus have been known from the world.They are mainly distributed in the Palaearctic, Nearctic, Oriental, Ethiopian Region.

迄今为止，该属全世界共记载239种，为世界性分布，但主要分布于古北区、东洋区、新北区和非洲区。

63. Up to the present 94 species of the genus have been known from the world. They distributed in the Palaearctic, Oriental and Ethiopian Region.

迄今为止，该属全世界共记载94种，仅分布于古北区、东洋区和非洲区。

64. Among them East Asian element predominated over the other elements, making up 51.35 percent of the total species ,then Oriental element occupying 25.51%, Palaearctic 18.45% and Eurytopic only 2.26%.

这些种类主要归属4种区系成分，其中东亚成分占优势，占总数的51.35%，东洋成分占25.51%，古北成分占18.45%，广布成分仅2.26%。

65. The high haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity were corresponding to very large population size and extensive distribution of Pelophylax nigromaculata in Palaearctic Region and Oriental Region.

这样高的单元型多样性和核苷酸多样性与黑斑侧褶蛙作为古北界和东洋界的广布种，种群大是相应的。

66. The phylogenetic relationships among genera of Dolichopodinae from the Palaearctic and Oriental Realm are analyzed for the first time.

采用支序分析的方法首次对古北和东洋区长足虻亚科的 2 4属 3亚属之间的系统发育关系进行了分析。

67. the Scarabaeidae consisted of 41.67% Palaearctic species, 33.33% Oriental species, and 25.0% Palaearctic and Oriental common species;

金龟科中古北界种类占41.67%，东洋界种类占33.33%，古北、东洋界共有种类占25.0%；

68. A STUDY ON THE PHYLOGENY OF DOLICHOPODINAE FROM THE PALAEARCTIC AND ORIENTAL REALMS, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW GENERA (DIPTERA, DOLICHOPODIDAE)

长足虻亚科系统发育研究及三新属记述(双翅目,长足虻科)

69. There are 2 genera and 5 species in Loess Plateau,eastern Long Mountain,2 species of palaearctic region,3 species are widespread species,the composition is simple and species are the least in this area.

陇东黄土高原虻科2属5种,其中古北界成分2种,广布种成分3种,该区虻种组成简单,也是虻种数最少的分布区;

70. While in northern hilly area, there are 5 genera and a total of 28 species, of them 18 species of palaearctic region, 10 species are widespread species.

陇南北部山地虻科5属28种，其中古北界成分18种，广布种成分10种；

71. Keywords Gamasid mite;Zoogeography;Oriental region;Palaearctic region;

革螨区系;动物地理;东洋界;古北界;

72. Palaearctic China, Amur basin, Korea, Japan, Burma, Thailand, Indo-China, Palawan, Luzon

韩国,日本,缅甸,泰国,印支半岛

73. the Melolonthidae consisted of 26.32% Palaearctic species, 8.77% Oriental species, and 64.91% Palaearctic and Oriental common species.

鳃金龟科中古北界种类占26.32%，东洋界种类占8.77%，古北、东洋界共有种类占64.91%。