scleral

scleral

1. The transparent, convex, anterior portion of the outer fibrous coat of the eyeball that covers the iris and the pupil and is continuous with the sclera.

(角膜是)眼球纤维外膜的前部透明凸出部分，与巩膜连接，它覆盖虹膜和瞳孔

2. Retinal detachment was found in 1 eye 1 month after laser treatment, and scleral encircling operation was performed on the eye which was followed up for 3 months after the operation.

1只眼因激光光凝治疗后1个月发现局部视网膜脱离,给予巩膜环扎手术治疗。手术后随访3个月。

3. The retinal reattachment rate of scleral buckle and encircle with one operation was 86.67%(26/30).

30只眼单纯环扎加压组一次手术成功率 86 .6 7%(2 6 / 30 )。

4. A veracious diagnosis of the dormant sclera rupture and a timely surgery will save the eye ball and ocular function more effectively.

:准确地诊断隐匿性巩膜破裂伤 ,及时手术能更有效地挽救眼球及视功能。

5. The ADM and DEX scleral plugs can degrade the concentration of bFGF and PDGF obviously,inhibit excessive proliferation and reduce the incidence rate of tractional retinal detachment,therefore prevent the formation and development of PVR.

ADM、DEX巩膜塞植入体能够明显降低玻璃体中bFGF和PDGF的浓度,抑制细胞过度增生,降低牵拉性视网膜脱离的发生率,从而防治PVR的形成和发展。

6. Coralline implants are most commonly wrapped in donor sclera before implantation to facilitate placement within the orbit and allow attachment of the extraocular muscles.

一在 珊瑚眼窝球植入前，必须覆盖捐赠巩膜以利于此四条眼蛉肌的附著，并减少珊瑚眼窝 球的暴露。

7. As the retinal detachment occurs after the implantation, a more careful search and a earlier scleral buckling or/and vitrectomy should be done.

一旦发生视网膜脱离要认真检查，尽早采取传统的视网膜脱离手术和现代玻璃体手术，以提高其疗效。

8. AIM: To evaluate the effects of scleral and corneal incisions on wavefront ab errations of pseudophakic patients after phacoemulsification surgery and intraoc ular lens implantation.

不同手术切口对术后人工晶状体眼光学像差的影响并无差别。

9. The total anatomical success rate was 97.6% after a further scleral buckling.

二次巩膜扣带术后视网膜解剖复位率为97.6%。

10. But the bleb histopathological results show that healing process of the experimental eyes between the shallow and deep scleral flap of the bleb was inhibited.

但是滤过泡解剖结果和病理、电镜结果显示，实验组植入的几丁聚糖生物膜抑制了滤过通道中浅层巩膜瓣和深层巩膜瓣的愈合。

11. The improved implantation methods is to cut anterior putamina in petal shaped,and free posterior sclera and optic nerve.

其改良植入方法主要是前部巩膜壳切开成花瓣状,同时游离后极部巩膜与视神经。

12. The effective rate of cryosurgery combined with scleral buckling was the highest.

冷凝联合巩膜外加压组治疗的有效率最高,但部分患者术后玻璃体混浊情况较术前加重;

13. Results Initial evaluation revealed the presence of an area of scleral melt and epithelial defect with an underlying calcific plaque over the necrotic area in the nasal conjunctiva.

初始评价显示鼻侧结膜巩膜溶解和上皮缺失区的出现并伴有钙化斑。

14. Making use of the tidy optical slice projected from the slit lamp, the instrument can be used to make accurate examination on the pathological changes, such as cornea, eyelid, front chambers, sclera, iris, crystalline lens and retina.

利用裂隙灯投射出的整齐的光学切面，可对角膜、脸、房、膜、膜、状体及视网膜等病变作精确检查。

15. One was exacrated through scleral incision after electric coagulation at the lesion of the sac with ophthalmosco-py and optic fiber.

前者通过眼底镜用导光纤维于囊泡外缘电凝定位,从相应的巩膜面作切口;后者则通过“玻切术”的冷冻法切除。

16. The konts of suture embed inlimbus incision for one-hapticsed fixation（15eyes）and covered by the scleral channel prepared previously for boty-hapticsed（27eyes）.

双襻巩膜固定采用在切开房前已安置好固定缝线的方法。

17. The most common injuries were corneal perforating injury and scleral laceration (89.20%).

受伤部位以角膜穿孔伤、巩膜裂伤居前位(89.20%)。

18. Posterior scleritis is an inflammatory process in the sclera near equator bulbi oculi and peri-optic nerve,and it is uncommon and often under-recognized because of its various clinical presentations.

后巩膜炎临床表现多样,易并发葡萄膜炎、继发性青光眼、视网膜脱离、视网膜动静脉阻塞、环状脉络膜脱离等。

19. The age, sex, diopter, visual acuity, ocular axial length, and incidence of posterior scleral staphyloma, vitreous traction, and retinal detachment of the two groups were compared.

回顾分析时，对两组患者年龄、性别、屈光度、视力、眼轴长度、后巩膜葡萄肿发生率、玻璃体牵引率、视网膜脱离发生率进行比较。

20. The sclera of the eye is yellow because the patient has jaundice, or icterus.

图示：黄疸病人巩膜黄染。是由于胆色素在巩膜沉积所致。

21. High signal reflectivity area supra scleral flap was found in 12 of 45 (26.7%) successful blobs, in contrast, it was found in 14 of 24 (58.3%) failed blobs (P<0.01).

在功能性滤过泡中12/45(26.7%)眼有巩膜瓣上高反射区存在，而在非功能性滤过泡中有14/24(58.3%)眼有巩膜瓣上高反射区(P<0.01)。

22. The route under scleral flap was not found in 20 of 45 (44.4%) successful blobs, in contrast, it was not found in 19 of 24 (79.2%) failed blobs (P<0.01).

在功能性滤过泡中20/45(44.4%)眼巩膜瓣下滤过通道不见，而在非功能性滤过泡中有19/24(79.2%)眼巩膜瓣下滤过通道不见(P<0.01)。

23. Hyporeflective area around scleral flap was found in 26 of 45 (57.8%) successful blebs, in contrast, it was found in only 5 of 24 (20.8%) failed blebs (P<0.005).

在功能性滤过泡中26/45(57.8%)眼有巩膜瓣周围低反射区存在，而在非功能性滤过泡中只有5/24(20.8%)眼有巩膜瓣周围低反射区(P<0.005)。

24. Fibroplasia was diverse in different regions, and two main phenomena were observed.First, the tissues arranged tightly like the scleral fiber.

增生的纤维组织不同区域变化不一，主要呈现两类变化：一为排列致密，类似巩膜纤维组织；

25. Good，the lens is placed either directly, onto the cornea or onto the upper part of the sclera.

好的，把镜片直接放到角膜上，或放到上方的巩膜上。

26. This enabled visualization of any change in the ciliary body, when the pupil was constricted by carbachol, or when the scleral overlying the ciliary body was indented.

如此一来，当瞳孔以缩瞳剂收缩时，或于睫状体外方之巩膜轻压时，即可观察到睫状体之变化。

27. Whether scleral buckling procedure is needed in vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment or not?

孔源性视网膜脱离玻璃体手术中是否需要联合巩膜扣带术?

28. Operation should be taken without delay when it is doubtful that there is a occult scleral rupture.

对疑有巩膜破裂的患者早期行手术探查是避免漏诊和误诊的关键。

29. The sclera was not icteric.

巩膜无黄染。

30. The sclera was not icteric. The heart and lung was normal.

巩膜无黄染。心肺正常。

31. The sclera was not icteric. The heart and lung was normal. The abdomen flat with marked tenderness over the right upper quadrant,where muscular spasm and rebound tenderness were present.

巩膜无黄染。心肺正常。腹平坦,右上腹有明显压疼伴有肌紧张及反跳疼。

32. Sclera was normal sclera porcelain white, yellow dye found in the sclera jaundice.

巩膜正常巩膜呈瓷白色，巩膜黄染多见于黄疸。

33. The main surgery was scleral buckling or vitrectomy combined with scleral buckling.

巩膜环扎术或玻璃体切除联合巩膜加压术是主要手术方法。

34. Scleral collagenous fibres of experimental eyes get markedly thinner in group A and C, but these get less in group B.

巩膜胶原纤维在A，C两组中明显变细，而在B组中改变较轻。

35. Sclerochoroidal calcification is a calcium deposition in the sclera and choroid that is characterized by typical geographic yellow-white fundus lesions that usually occur bilaterally in adults.

巩膜脉络膜钙化是巩膜和脉络膜组织的钙盐沉积,多侵犯成年人双眼的颞侧眼底,以轻微隆起的点状或地图状黄白色眼底病灶为典型特征。

36. The scleral tunnel incisions ensured minimal loss of intraocular fluids during instrument excange and scleral plugs were not required to avoid ocular hypotony during scleral indentation.

巩膜隧道式切口在器械进出切口时能防止眼内灌注液外流，避免眼球塌陷，不必反复插入和拔出巩膜塞。

37. An autogenous lamellar scleral graft harvested from the superotemporal quadrant and an advancement of the nasal tenon was used.

患者拒绝接受任何供体组织覆盖溶解区。

38. Conclusions.The mechanisms of peripheral retinal ablation controlling ocular growth may through both of retinal and scleral effects.

所以，周边网膜破坏术（冷冻疗法及电气烧灼术）能控制眼球之生长主要可能经由网膜和巩膜的作用。

39. All the procedures were performed using topical/intracameral anesthesia or a peribulbar block and through a clear corneal or scleral tunnel incision.

所有的手术均在表面/前房内麻醉或球周阻滞麻醉，切口采用透明角膜或巩膜隧道切口。

40. The surgery was done under direct ophthalmoscope, together with accurrate retiral tear localization, appropriate cryotherapy, with/without subretinal liguid drainage, and scleral bulking.

手术均在直接检眼镜直视下进行，术中给予准确的裂孔定位，适度的冷凝，放液或不放液和恰当的放置外垫压物。

41. The reason that was failure is scar of between sclera lamella and bulbe r conjunctiva.

手术失败的主要原因是巩膜瓣间、球结膜瘢痕化。

42. AIM: To explore a simple fixation of hydroxyapatite (HA) artificial eye mount of auto sclera.

探讨自体巩膜固定羟基磷灰石(hydroxyap-atite,ha)义眼座简易的手术方法。

43. To search for a technique to solve the problem of intraocular lens(IOL)tilting after trans scleral fixation.

探讨解决缝线固定术后人工晶体倾斜的方法。

44. A 52-year-old male had an asymptomatic blue-gray patch on the right face, scalp, as well as ipsilateral sclera since birth with progressive darkening and nevus of Ota was diagnosed.

摘要一位52岁男性出生时在右侧脸部，头皮以及同侧巩膜出现广泛蓝黑色斑，随著年纪增长色素有加深情形，符合太田母斑的诊断。

45. We successfully used autogenous periosteum to reinforce scleral defects in 3 patients after a pterygium excision.

摘要我们成功的应用自体骨膜移值于三个因翼状赘片切除手术后所引起的巩膜缺损的病例。

46. Thirty five cases of scleral ulcer following pterygium excision were encountered from June 1983 to October 1988 at VGH-Taichung.

摘要收集整理因翼状赘片切除后发生巩膜溃疡之病例35例。

47. Objective To evcaluate the clinical effect of scleral buckling surgery for the rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

摘要目的对原发性（孔源性）视网膜脱离行巩膜扣带术治疗并对其效果进行评价。

48. Objective To investigate the curative effects of vitrectomy combined with scleral bucking and intraocular silicone oil or perfluoroethane (C2F6) tamponade for later stage acute retinal necrosis (ARN).

摘要目的探讨玻璃体切割术联合巩膜扣带、眼内填充硅油或惰性气体(C2F6)，对晚期急性视网膜坏死所致的裂孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效。

49. Objective To evaluate the complications and management of hard cataract extraction with scleral tunnel incision and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

摘要目的探讨硬核白内障巩膜隧道式切口手法摘出人工晶状体植入手术的并发症及其处理。

50. Objective To evaluate the complications and management of cataract extraction with small scleral tunnel incision and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

摘要目的探讨经巩膜隧道小切口白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入手术并发症及处理。

51. Objective To investigate the clinical features, therapeutic methods and outcomes of cornea and sclera foreign body of chestnut thorns.

摘要目的探讨角巩膜栗刺异物伤的临床特点，治疗方法及其临床效果。

52. Objective To assess clinical value of primary vitreoretinal surgery without scleral buckling for less complicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), anatomically and functionally.

摘要目的由解剖和视功能疗效评价无扣带玻璃体手术治疗较复杂的非增殖型裂孔性视网膜脱离的应用价值及其优势。

53. Objective To observe the effect of scleral bulking surgery under direct ophthalmoscope on the treatment of primary (rhegmatogenous) nonproliferative retinal detachment.

摘要目的观察直接检眼镜下行巩膜扣带术治疗原发性（孔源性）非增生性视网膜脱离的疗效。

54. Osteogenesis imperfecta is an inherited disorder of connective tissue, which affects the skeleton, ligament, skin, sclera, and dentin.

摘要骨发生不全是一种遗传性的结缔组织病变，常侵犯骨骼、韧带、皮肤、角膜及牙齿。

55. Methods Internal linking porous hydroxyapatite was wrapped up in the place of orbital collapse,autogenous or heterogenous scleral shell and implanted in oculus musculi cone.

方法 用国产及进口内联多孔羟基磷灰石包埋入眼眶塌陷处、自体或异体巩膜壳内，置入眼肌锥内。

56. Methods 160 cases (168 eyes) of RRD were treated with scleral buckling.Localization and cryotherapy of retinal breaks in all eyes were performed with binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy.

方法160例（168眼）行巩膜扣带术，术中均在双目间接检眼镜直视下定位裂孔、冷凝封闭裂孔。

57. Methods 42 cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment had undergone scleral bulking surgery.

方法42例孔源性非增生性视网膜脱离行巩膜扣带术。

58. Methods 8 out of total 9 cases (9 eyes) were treated by vitrectomy, combined with filtering bleb repairing with donated sclera and self conjunctive.

方法9例（9眼）中，8例行玻璃体切除联合异体巩膜修补、自体结膜瓣遮盖，其中3例在内窥镜引导下行玻璃体切除联合睫状突光凝术；1例保守治疗。

59. Method:17 patients were performed evisceration of eye and implanted silicon sponge in the scleral cavity immediately.3weeks later, they were fixed false eyes.

方法:为17例患眼行眼内容剜除,巩膜腔内硅海绵填充术,术后3周安装义眼。

60. Method:17 patients were performed evisceration of eye and implanted silicon sponge in the scleral cavity immediately.3weeks later,they were fixed false eyes.

方法:为17例患眼行眼内容剜除，巩膜腔内硅海绵填充术，术后3周安装义眼。

61. Methods:Twenty six patients(26 eyes) with RRD were treated.Indirect ophthalmoscope was used to find holes and to do cryosurgery,scleral buckling,releasing subretinal fluid.

方法:对26例26眼孔源性视网膜脱离患者,在间接立体检眼镜下查找裂孔并进行冷凝,外加压、环扎、放液或不放液。

62. Methods:27 patients(36 eyes) with relapsed upper eyelid cicatricia entropion were treated by implanting a foreign scleral strip into the incised tarsal plate,lengthening it and relaxing the scar.

方法:对27例(36只眼)复发性瘢痕性上睑内翻患者采用从睑板沟切断睑板的方法,在睑板缺损区嵌入异体巩膜条,延长睑板,松解瘢痕。

63. Methods:Hydroxyapatite wrapped in autologous sclera was used as secondary orbital implant in 37 patients (37 eyes)after evisceration of the eye.

方法:对37例(37只眼)眼内容剜除术后患者采用自体巩膜包埋的羟基磷灰石义眼座眶内植入术。

64. Methods:Comprehensive treatment,such as:scleral trephining,episcleral compression and intraocular inflation etc have been used for the primary detachment of retina.

方法:采用环扎巩膜外垫压及眼内注气等综合疗法。

65. Methods In 30 eyes of 28 patients, we made corneal valvae which had bigger size than foreign bodies, with their bases parallel to the comeal scleral rims.

方法做大于异物浅层角膜瓣,基底舆角巩缘平行,结合粘弹剂的应用和虹膜恢复器顶托法将异物取出。

66. Methods The clinical data of occult scleral rupture were analysed retrospectively.

方法分析了15例（15眼）隐匿性巩膜破裂的临床资料。

67. Methods Cornea and contents of eyeball were cleared away, optic nerves and optic disc were cut off, scleral shell was opened, hydroxyapatite pedestal was implanted and scleral shell was sutured.

方法剪除角膜、彻底清除眼内容物,环状剪除视盘和剪断视神经。剪开巩膜腔,植入羟基磷灰石义眼座,间断缝合巩膜。

68. Method The clinical data of 26 cases with latent rupture of sclera were retrospectively reviewed.

方法回顾分析26例(26只眼)隐匿性巩膜破裂伤的临床资料。

69. Methods The clinical data of 10 cases of occult scleral rupture were analysed.

方法回顾分析了10例隐匿性巩膜破裂伤临床资料。

70. Methods We dissect scleral flap over retinal tears, applying diathermy to the deeper layers of sclera, sewing scleral flap, draining inter retinal fluid, placeing external scleral buckle.

方法在视网膜裂孔对应的巩膜处剖切巩膜瓣,行巩膜层间电凝,缝合巩膜瓣,放出视网膜下液,在巩膜瓣表面进行外加压。

71. Methods 118 eyes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment accepted scleral buckling surgery.

方法对118例118眼原发性视网膜脱离病人行巩膜扣带术治疗。

72. Methods 12 cases (14eyes) of ARN were treated by vitrectomy,laser photocoagulation ,tamponade with silicone oil. 9 eyes of 14 eyes were combined with scleral surgery,1eye combined with phacoemusification , 3 eyes with lens excision .

方法对12例14眼急性视网膜坏死患者进行玻璃体切割、视网膜光凝、硅油充填术,其中9眼联合巩膜外环扎术,1眼联合白内障超声乳化吸出术,3眼晶状体切除。

73. Methods 22 cases of eyes trauma with IOFBs were performed by PPV, lensectomy, extraction of IOFBs, relocation of retinal detachment and scleral encircling operation.

方法对22例(22眼)眼外伤合并眼内异物患者施行玻璃体切除术、晶体切除术、眼内异物取出、视网膜脱离复位及巩膜外环扎等联合术。

74. Methods 28 cases(53 eyes)of progressive myopia underwent posterior scleral reinforcement operation.

方法对28例(53眼)后巩膜加固术治疗高度进行性近视的患者资料完整者进行术前和术后对比分析。

75. Methods 48 cases(54 eyes) accepted temperal scleral incision phacoemulsification cataract extraction and IOL implantation,all these patients had already accepted antiglaucoma surgery.

方法对48例(54眼)青光眼术后的白内障施行经颞侧巩膜隧道式切口晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术。

76. Methods 52 cases(52 eyes) of severe ocular rupture,absolute glaucoma,and atrophic eyes were performed evisceration and hydroxyapatite particles were implanted in to scleral socket.

方法对52例(52眼)严重眼球裂伤、绝对期青光眼以及眼球萎缩患者行眼内容摘除联合巩膜腔内植入羟基磷灰石微粒术。

77. Methods In 648 cases(656 eyes)of cataract patients,we made frow n small scleral tunnel incision,then extracted the lens nucleus and implanted po sterior chamber intraocular lens.

方法对648例(656眼)白内障患者采用反眉状巩膜隧道式小切口手法娩核白内障囊外摘出术,同时植入后房人工晶状体。

78. Methods Suture the detached ciliary bodies,under microscopy in order to make them replaced anterior or posterior to the scleral.

方法应用显微手术将已脱离的睫状体直接缝合复位并使之愈着于巩膜突之前或之后,且不能有遗漏区域。

79. Methods Endocranium treated with sterlizaton was used,98 cases(176 eyes)of progressive myopia underwent posterior scleral reinforcement operation.

方法应用消毒灭菌的同种异体硬脑膜对98例(176只眼)病理性近视患者行后巩膜加固术,观察其术后疗效及并发症。

80. Methods Twenty-seven cases(thirty-three eyes) of complete ptosis were performed frontalis suspension with allogeneic sclera pretreated with glycerine.

方法应用甘油处理后的同种异体巩膜作为悬吊中间材料,对27例(33眼)儿童完全性上睑下垂行额肌悬吊术。