shock

shock1
noun
  1. a sudden upsetting or surprising event or experience
    令人惊愕的事件（或经历）
    it was a shock to face such hostile attitudes when I arrived.
    我到达时，面临如此敌对的态度，真是件令人惊愕的事情。
    ■a feeling of disturbed surprise resulting from such an event
    惊愕；震惊
    her death gave us all a terrible shock.
    她的逝世令我们所有的人都非常震惊。
    [mass noun]her eyes opened wide in shock.
    她非常惊愕，眼睛睁得很大。
    ■[mass noun]an acute medical condition associated with a fall in blood pressure, caused by such events as loss of blood, severe burns, bacterial infection, allergic reaction, or sudden emotional stress, and marked by cold, pallid skin, irregular breathing, rapid pulse, and dilated pupils
    休克
    he died of shock due to massive abdominal haemorrhage.
    由于腹部大出血，他休克而死。
    ■a disturbance causing instability in an economy
    经济震荡
    trading imbalances caused by the two oil shocks.
    两次石油危机，导致贸易逆差。
    ■short for electric shock
    electric shock的简称
  2. a violent shaking movement caused by an impact, explosion, or tremor
    撞击；震动；颤抖
    earthquake shocks.
    地震。
    [mass noun]rackets today don't bend or absorb shock the way wooden rackets do.
    今天的球拍不像木的球拍一样，不弯曲也不减震。
    ■(chiefly N. Amer.). short for shock absorber
    (主北美)。 shock absorber的简称
verb
  1. [withobj.](常作be shocked)cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset
    使惊讶；使惊愕
    she was shocked at the state of his injuries.
    看着他受伤的样子，她非常惊愕。
    ■offend the moral feelings of; outrage
    冒犯…的道义情感；激起…的义愤
    the revelations shocked the nation.
    揭露的事实激起了全国上下的义愤。
    ■[no obj.]experience such feelings
    感到震惊；受惊
    he shocked so easily.
    他非常容易受惊。
    ■(一般作 be shocked)affect with physiological shock, or with an electric shock
    使生理休克；使受电击
  2. [no obj.](archaic)collide violently
    (古)猛烈碰撞
    carriage after carriage shocked fiercely against the engine.
    一节节车厢与机车发生严重碰撞。
常用词组
short, sharp shock
  1. (Brit.)a brief but harsh custodial sentence handed down to an offender in an attempt to discourage them from committing further offences
    (英)从速从严打击（对罪犯采取的简捷、严厉的监管惩罚，以使其不再犯罪）
    ■a severe measure taken in order to effect quick results
    短期见效的严厉措施
派生
shockability
noun
shockable
adjective
语源
  1. mid 16th cent.: from French choc (noun), choquer (verb), of unknown origin. The original senses were 'throw (troops) into confusion by charging at them' and 'an encounter between charging forces', giving rise to the notion of 'sudden violent blow or impact'
shock2
noun
  1. a group of twelve sheaves of grain placed upright and supporting each other to allow the grain to dry and ripen
    禾束堆
verb
  1. [with obj.]arrange (sheaves of grain) in such a group
    把…堆成禾束堆
语源
  1. Middle English: perhaps from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German schok, of unknown origin
shock3
noun
  1. an unkempt or thick mass of hair
    蓬乱（或浓密的）头发
    a man with a shock of hair.
    一个头发蓬乱的人。
语源
  1. mid 17th cent.: origin uncertain; compare with obsolete shough, denoting a breed of lapdog. The word originally denoted a dog with long shaggy hair, and was then used as an adjective meaning 'unkempt, shaggy'. The current sense dates from the early 19th cent
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