should

should
(3rd sing. should)

used to indicate obligation, duty, or correctness, typically when criticizing someone's actions
［表示义务、责任或正确性，尤其当指责某人的行为时］应当，应该
he should have been careful.
他本应该仔细点。
I think we should trust our people more.
我想我们应该更加相信我们的人民。
you shouldn't have gone.
你不应该离开。
■indicating a desirable or expected state
［表示意愿或期望］该，可能
by now pupils should be able to read with a large degree of independence.
到如今，小学生们应该能够很大程度上独立阅读了。
■used to give or ask advice or suggestions
［表示建议］应该
you should go back to bed.
你应该回去睡觉。
what should I wear?.
我应该穿什么？。
■(I should)used to give advice
［用于提建议］（我）会…
I should hold out if I were you.
如果我是你，我会坚持的。
used to indicate what is probable
［用于表示可能性］可能，该
£348 m should be enough to buy him out.
34,800万英镑应该足够买走他的股份。
the bus should arrive in a few minutes.
过几分钟，公共汽车就该到了。
(formal)expressing the conditional mood
(正式)［表示条件假设］
■(in the first person) indicating the consequence of an imagined event
［用于第一人称，表示想像事件的结果］会，该
if I were to obey my first impulse, I should spend my days writing letters.
要是我按照刚开始的冲动，我会花好几天时间写信的。
■referring to a possible event or situation
［指可能的结果或状况］万一
if you should change your mind, I'll be at the hotel.
万一你改变了想法，你可到宾馆找我。
should anyone arrive late, admission is likely to be refused.
万一有谁来迟了，有可能进不去的。
used in a clause with ‘that’ after a main clause describing feelings
［用在“that”从句中，表示情感］竟然会
it is astonishing that we should find violence here.
我们竟然会在这里遇到暴力，真是令人惊讶。
used in a clause with ‘that’ expressing purpose
［用在“that”从句中，表示目的］可以，会
in order that training should be effective it must be planned systematically.
为了让训练有效果，必须进行系统计划。
(in the first person) expressing a polite request or acceptance
［用于第一人称，表示礼貌的请求或接受］倒，可
I should like some more, if I may.
如果可以的话，我倒想再要一些。
we should be grateful for your advice.
我们会感谢你的建议的。
(in the first person) expressing a conjecture or hope
［用于第一人称，表示推测或希望］该
he'll have a sore head, I should imagine.
我该料到他会大发雷霆的。
‘It won't happen again.’ ‘I should hope not.’.
“这不再会发生的。”“我也希望不会。”。
used to emphasize to a listener how striking an event is or was
［向听者强调某事给人印象之深］应该；竟会
you should have seen Marge's face.
你真该看看玛吉那时候的脸。
who/what should —— but
emphasizing how surprising an event was
［强调事件的惊讶］竟然会
I was in this shop when who should I see across the street but Tobias.
我在这家商店时，竟然看见托比阿在街对面。

语源

Old English sceolde: past of shall

用法

As with shall and will, there is confusion about when to use should and would. The traditional rule is that should is used with first person pronouns (I and we), as in I said I should be lateand would is used with second and third persons (you, he, she, it, they), as in you didn't say you would be lateIn practice, would is normally used instead of should in reported speech and conditional clausesI said I would be late; if we had known we would have invited herIn spoken and informal contexts the issue rarely arises, since the distinction is obscured by the use of the contracted forms I'd, we'd, etc. In modern English, uses of should are dominated by the senses relating to obligation (for which would cannot be substituted), as in you should go out more oftenand for related emphatic uses, as in you should have seen her face!

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