shoulder

shoulder
noun
  1. the upper joint of each of a person's arms and the part of the body between this and the neck
    肩，肩膀，肩胛
    ■(in quadrupeds) the joint of the upper forelimb and the adjacent part of the back
    （四足动物的）肩背
    ■the part of a bird or insect at which the wing is attached
    （鸟、昆虫的）肩背
    ■a joint of meat from the upper foreleg and shoulder blade of an animal
    （动物）带肩肉前腿肉
    ■a shoulder of lamb
    羔羊前腿肉
    ■a part of a garment covering the shoulder
    （衣服的）肩部
    a jacket with padded shoulders.
    有垫肩的夹克。
    ■(shoulders)the upper part of the back and arms
    上背部
    a tall youth with broad shoulders.
    魁梧的年轻人。
    ■(shoulders)(figurative)this part of the body regarded as bearing responsibility or hardship or providing strength
    (喻)（担负责任或艰难困苦或提供力量的）肩膀
    all accounts place the blame squarely on his shoulders.
    所有的陈述都将责任明确地推到他肩上。
  2. a part of something resembling a shoulder in shape, position, or function
    肩状物
    the shoulder of a pulley.
    滑车的突出部位。
    ■a point at which a steep slope descends from a plateau or highland area
    山肩；谷肩
    the shoulder of the hill sloped down.
    山肩向下倾斜。
    a resort sheltered by the shoulder of Ben Nevis.
    一个在本•尼维斯山的山肩遮掩下的旅游胜地。
  3. another term for hard shoulder
    同 hard shoulder
verb
  1. [with obj.]put (something heavy) over one's shoulder or shoulders to carry
    肩扛；肩挑
    we shouldered our crippling backpacks and set off slowly up the hill.
    我们肩扛沉重的背包，开始慢慢向山上爬。
    ■(figurative)take on (a burden or responsibility)
    (喻)肩负（重担，责任）
    the day-to-day work will be shouldered by an action group.
    日常工作将由行动小组承担。
  2. [with obj. and adverbial of direction]push (someone or something) out of one's way with one's shoulder
    用肩推（或挤）
    she shouldered him brusquely aside.
    她唐突地用肩把他推到一边。
    ■[noobj., with adverbial of direction]move in this way
    用肩推挤
    he shouldered past a woman with a baby.
    他用肩膀挤过一个抱婴儿的妇女。
    he shouldered his way through the seething mass of children.
    他用肩膀挤过一群闹哄哄的孩子。
常用词组
be looking over one's shoulders
  1. be anxious or insecure about a possible danger
    小心提防
    takeovers are the thing that keeps suppliers looking over their shoulders.
    接管是让供应商小心谨慎的事情。
put one's shoulder to the wheel
  1. set to work vigorously
    全力以赴
shoulder arms
  1. hold a rifle against the right side of the body, barrel upwards
    枪上肩
a shoulder to cry on
  1. someone who listens sympathetically to someone's problems
    能提供慰藉的人
shoulder to shoulder
  1. side by side
    肩并肩
    everyone is bunched together shoulder to shoulder.
    每一个人肩并肩地靠在一起。
    ■acting together towards a common aim; with united effort
    朝共同目标行动；齐心协力地
    we fought shoulder to shoulder with the rest of the country.
    我们肩并肩地与国家其余的人一道作战。
派生
shouldered
adjective
  1. 肩膀宽阔的
    [in combination]broad-shouldered.
语源
  1. Old English sculdor, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch schouder and German Schulter
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