split

split
(splitting; past and past participle split)

break or cause to break forcibly into parts, especially into halves or along the grain
裂开；切开；劈开；撕开
[no obj.]the ice cracked and heaved and split.
冰块出现裂纹后隆起并碎裂。
[with obj.]split and toast the muffins.
把松饼切开烘烤。
■remove or be removed by breaking, separating, or dividing
（用破开、分离或分割的方法）去除（或被去除）
[with obj.]the point was pressed against the edge of the flint to split off flakes.
尖头紧贴着燧石边缘划出火花。
[no obj.]an incentive for regions to split away from countries.
想从国家分裂出来的地区之动机。
■divide or cause to divide into parts or elements
使分开；分解
[no obj.]the river had split into a number of channels.
河流分成了很多河道。
[with obj.]splitting water into oxygen and hydrogen.
把水分解成氧和氢。
■[with obj.]divide and share (something, especially resources or responsibilities)
分享（资源、责任等）
they met up and split the booty.
他们聚到一块分赃。
■[with obj.]cause the fission of (an atom)
使（原子）产生核裂变
(with reference to a group of people) divide into two or more groups
（一定数量的人）分成两（或多）组
[no obj.]let's split up and find the other two.
让我们分头去找那另外两个。
[with obj.]once again the family was split up.
家庭再一次分裂了。
■[no obj.]end a marriage or an emotional or working relationship
结束（婚姻，感情，工作关系）
after the band split up Tex became a railway clerk.
乐队解散以后，坦克斯成了铁路职员。
■[with obj.](常作 be split)(of an issue) cause (a group) to be divided because of opposing views
（因意见相左而）使分裂；使产生分歧
the party was deeply split over its future direction.
该党在未来的方向问题上陷入深刻分歧。
[no obj.](informal)(of one's head) suffer great pain from a headache
(非正式)头疼欲裂
my head is splitting.
我头痛欲裂。
[as adj. splitting]a splitting headache.
剧烈的头痛。
[no obj.](Brit. informal)betray the secrets of or inform on someone
(英，非正式)泄露（某人的）秘密；告发（某人）
I told him I wouldn't split on him.
我告诉他说我不会告发他的。
[no obj.](informal)leave a place, especially suddenly
(非正式)（尤指突然）离开
‘Let's split,’ Harvey said.
“我们走吧，”哈维说。

noun

a tear, crack, or fissure in something, especially down the middle or along the grain
裂口，裂缝
light squeezed through a small split in the curtain.
光线从窗帘上小小的缝隙中挤进来。
■an instance or act of splitting or being split; a division
分裂；分歧
the split between the rich and the poor.
富人和穷人之间的分歧。
■a separation into parties or within a party; a schism
党派分裂
the accusations caused a split in the party.
这些指控使党内出现分裂。
■an ending of a marriage or an emotional or working relationship
（婚姻、感情、工作关系的）结束
a much-publicized split with his wife.
被大肆宣传的他和妻子婚姻关系的破裂。
(the splits)(Brit.)(in gymnastics and dance) an act of leaping in the air or sitting down with the legs straight and at right angles to the body, one in front and the other behind, or one at each side
(英)（体操、舞蹈中的）劈叉动作
I could never do the splits before.
我以前根本就不能做劈叉动作。
a thing that is divided or split, in particular
分开（或切开）的东西，尤指
■a bun, roll, or cake that is split or cut in half
被切为两半的小圆面包（或面包卷、蛋糕）
■a split osier used in basketwork
（用于编篮子的）劈开的柳条
■each strip of steel or cane that makes up the reed in a loom
（织布机筘排上的）钢筘（或竹筘）
■half a bottle or glass of champagne or other liquor
半瓶（或半杯）香槟酒（或其他酒）
■a single thickness of split hide
（横剖的）一层兽皮
■(in tenpin bowling) a formation of standing pins after the first ball in which there is a gap between two pins or groups of pins, making a spare unlikely
（地滚球中的）隔号余柱（指一击后间隔过大的未倒余柱造成的不利于二击全倒的局势）
■(N. Amer.)a drawn match or series
(北美)平局；连续打成平局的比赛
■(US)a split-level house
(美)错层式房屋
the time taken to complete a recognized part of a race, or the point in the race where such a time is measured
（赛跑）跑完一段距离所耗的时间，分段耗时

常用词组
split the difference

take the average of two proposed amounts
取两个数量的平均值，折中

split hairs

见 hair

split one's sides (北美亦作 split a gut)

(informal)be convulsed with laughter
(非正式)捧腹大笑
the dynamic comedy duo will have you splitting your sides with laughter.
这一对生气勃勃的喜剧搭档能让你笑破肚皮。

split the ticket (或 one's vote)

(US)vote for candidates of more than one party
(美)投一个以上党派的候选人的票

split the vote

(of a candidate or minority party) attract votes from another candidate or party with the result that both are defeated by a third
（候选人，小党派）吸引另一候选人或党派的选票造成两败俱伤而使第三者胜出

语源

late 16th cent. (originally in the sense 'break up (a ship)', describing the force of a storm or rock): from Middle Dutch splitten, of unknown ultimate origin

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