spoil

spoil
(past and past participle spoilt (主英)或 spoiled)
[with obj.]

diminish or destroy the value or quality of
损害；破坏；毁坏；糟蹋
I wouldn't want to spoil your fun.
我不想扫你的兴。
a series of political blunders spoilt their chances of being re-elected.
一系列重大政治失误毁掉了他们重新当选的机会。
■prevent someone from enjoying (an occasion or event)
破坏…的兴致
she was afraid of spoiling Christmas for the rest of the family.
她担心破坏家里人过圣诞节的兴致。
■mark (a ballot paper) incorrectly so as to make one's vote invalid, especially as a gesture of protest
（尤指作为一种抗议形式）错填（选票）令其作废
■[no obj.](of food) become unfit for eating
（食物）变质，腐败
I've got some ham that'll spoil if we don't eat it tonight.
我有些火腿，如果今晚我们不吃掉的话会坏掉的。
harm the character of (a child) by being too lenient or indulgent
把（孩子）宠坏，溺爱
the last thing I want to do is spoil Thomas.
我最不想干的就是宠坏托马斯。
[as adj. spoilt or spoiled]a spoilt child.
被宠坏的孩子。
■treat with great or excessive kindness, consideration, or generosity
悉心照料；娇纵，百般照顾
breakfast in bed—you're spoiling me!.
在床上吃早餐——你要把我惯坏了！。
[no obj.](be spoiling for)be extremely or aggressively eager for
极度渴望；跃跃欲试
Cooper was spoiling for a fight.
库伯极度渴望打一架。
(archaic)rob (a person or a place) of goods or possessions by force or violence
(古)抢劫（人，地方)，掠夺

noun

(常作spoils)goods stolen or taken forcibly from a person or place
赃物；掠夺物
the looters carried their spoils away.
趁火打劫者拿着抢来的财物逃跑了。
[mass noun]waste material brought up during the course of an excavation or a dredging or mining operation
（掘土、疏浚、采矿时挖出的）废土；弃石方
colliery spoil.
煤矿废土。

常用词组
be spoilt for choice

(Brit.)have so many possibilities to choose from that it is difficult to do so
(英)面对众多选择，难以决定取舍

语源

Middle English (in the sense 'to plunder'): shortening of Old French espoille (noun), espoillier (verb), from Latin spoliare, from spolium 'plunder, skin stripped from an animal', or a shortening of despoil

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