stock

stock
noun

[mass noun]the goods or merchandise kept on the premises of a shop or warehouse and available for sale or distribution
（货物、商品的）库存，存货
the store has a very low turnover of stock.
那家商店的库存周转量非常小。
[count noun]buy now, while stocks last!.
趁还有货，现在就买。
[as modifier]stock shortages.
存货不足。
■a supply or quantity of something accumulated or available for future use
储备物，备用物
I need to replenish my stock of wine.
我需要补充我储备的酒。
[count noun]fish stocks are being dangerously depleted.
鱼类资源正日益严重地枯竭。
■farm animals such as cattle, pigs, and sheep, bred and kept for their meat or milk; livestock
家畜，牲畜
■short for rolling stock
rolling stock 的简称
■(亦作 film stock)photographic film that has not been exposed or processed
（胶卷）原片
■the undealt cards of the pack, left on the table to be drawn from in some card games
（牌戏中）发剩下的牌
[mass noun]the capital raised by a business or corporation through the issue and subscription of shares
资本，股本
between 1982 and 1986 the value of the company's stock rose by 86%.
1982到1986年间那个公司的资本增值了86％。
■(一般作 stocks)a portion of this as held by an individual or group as an investment
股份
she owned £3, 000 worth of stocks and shares.
她拥有价值 3,000英镑的股份和股票。
■(一般作 stocks)the shares of a particular company, type of company, or industry
股，股票
blue-chip stocks.
蓝筹股。
■(in the UK) securities issued by the government in fixed units with a fixed rate of interest
公债，债券
government gilt-edged stock.
政府发行的金边债券。
■(figurative)a person's reputation or popularity
(喻)名声，声望
I felt I was right, but my stock was low with this establishment.
我想我是对的，但是我在这个机构的声望不高。
[mass noun]liquid made by cooking bones, meat, fish, or vegetables slowly in water, used as a basis for the preparation of soup, gravy, or sauces
（做汤、肉汁或沙司底料的）原汤
a pint of chicken stock.
一品脱原汁鸡汤。
■[with modifier]the raw material from which a specified commodity can be manufactured
（商品的）原材料
the fat can be used as soap stock.
脂肪可用作制造肥皂的原料。
[mass noun][usu. with adj. or noun modifier]a person's ancestry or line of descent
祖先，世系，家系
her mother was of French stock.
她母亲是法国血统。
both of them came from peasant stock.
他们俩都是农民的后代。
■a breed, variety, or population of an animal or plant
（动植物的）类，种类；种群
the trunk or woody stem of a living tree or shrub, especially one into which a graft (scion) is inserted
树干；（灌木的）主干
■the perennial part of a herbaceous plant, especially a rhizome
（草本植物多年生的）根茎，根状茎
a herbaceous European plant that is widely cultivated for its fragrant flowers, which are typically lilac, pink, or white
紫罗兰属植物
Genus Matthiola, family Cruciferae: several species, in particular the Brompton stock (M. incana) and the night-scented stock (M. bicornis)
紫罗兰属，十字花科：数种，尤指紫罗兰（拉丁名M. incana）和夜香紫罗兰（拉丁名M. bicornis）
(the stocks)[treated as sing. or pl.](historical)an instrument of punishment consisting of an adjustable wooden structure with holes for securing a person's feet and hands, in which criminals were locked and exposed to public ridicule or assault
(史)（用作刑具的）手足枷
the part of a rifle or other firearm to which the barrel and firing mechanism are attached, held against one's shoulder when firing the gun
枪托
■the crossbar of an anchor
锚杆
■the handle of something such as a whip or fishing rod
（鞭子或钓鱼竿等的）柄
■short for headstock (sense 1)
headstock 的简称（义项1）
■short for tailstock
tailstock 的简称
a band of white material tied like a cravat and worn as a part of formal horse-riding dress
（作为正式骑马服饰一部分的）白色领结，白色领带
■a piece of black material worn under a clerical collar
（牧师衣领下系的）黑色领带
(stocks)a frame used to support a ship or boat out of water, especially when under construction
（尤指造船时把船支撑在水面以上的）船台
short for stock brick
stock brick的简称

adjective
[attrib.]

(of a product or type of product) usually kept in stock and thus regularly available for sale
存货的，库存的，常备的
25 per cent off stock items.
减少25％的库存商品。
(of a phrase or expression) so regularly used as to be automatic or hackneyed
（短语，表达法）习惯性的，通常的；陈腐的
their stock response to the refugee crisis was ‘We can't take everyone’.
他们对难民危机的习惯性反应是“我们不可能接收每个人”。
■denoting a conventional character type or situation that recurs in a particular genre of literature, theatre, or film
（文学、戏剧或电影角色的类型或情境）老套的，陈腐的
the stock characters in every cowboy film.
每一部牛仔电影中一成不变的人物。
■denoting or relating to cinematic footage that can be regularly used in different productions, typically that of outdoor scenes used to add realism to a production shot in an indoor set
（有关）电影资料镜头的

verb
[withobj.]

have or keep a supply of (a particular product or type of product) available for sale
贮备，备有
most supermarkets now stock a range of organic produce.
现在大多数超级市场都储备了一系列的有机农产品。
■provide or fill with goods, items, or a supply of something
为…备货，在…中贮存；供应，供给
I must stock up the fridge.
我必须往冰箱里备些食物。
[as adj., with submodifier or in combination]a well-stocked shop.
备货充裕的商店。
■[no obj.](stock up)amass supplies of something, typically for a particular occasion or purpose
（尤指为某个特定时刻或目的而）备货，囤积
I'm stocking up for Christmas.
我正在为圣诞节置办物品。
you'd better stock up with fuel.
你最好储备些燃料。
fit (a rifle or other firearm) with a stock
为（枪等火器）装枪托

常用词组
in (或 out of) stock

(of goods) available (or unavailable) for immediate sale in a shop
有（或无）现货的

on the stocks

in construction or preparation
在建造中；正在准备中
also on the stocks is a bill to bring about tax relief for these businesses.
一个减免这些行业税收的法案也正在酝酿之中。

put stock in

[often with negative]have a specified amount of belief or faith in
信任，相信
I don't put much stock in modern medicine.
我不太信任现代医学。

stock and station

(Austral./NZ)denoting a firm or agent dealing in farm products and supplies
(澳/新西兰)经营（或供应）农产品的公司（或代理商）

take stock

review or make an overall assessment of a particular situation, typically as a prelude to making a decision
检讨（局势）；估量，估计；审视
he needed a period of peace and quiet in order to take stock of his life.
他需要一段平静的时光来审视自己的生活。

派生
stockless
adjective
语源

Old English stoc(c) 'trunk, block of wood, post', of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stok and German Stock 'stick'. The notion 'store, fund' (senses 1 and 2 ) arose in late Middle English and is of obscure origin, perhaps expressing ‘growth from a central stem’ or ‘firm foundation’

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