stump

stump
noun

the bottom part of a tree left projecting from the ground after most of the trunk has fallen or been cut down
树墩，树桩
■the small projecting remnant of something that has been cut or broken off or worn away
（主体砍断、折断或磨损后的）残余部分
the stump of an amputated arm.
手臂截肢后的残肢。
(Cricket)each of the three upright pieces of wood which form a wicket
(板球)（三柱门的）柱
■(stumps)close of play in a cricket match
（板球比赛）结束
(Art)a cylinder with conical ends made of rolled paper or other soft material, used for softening or blending marks made with a crayon or pencil
(艺术)（将纸或其他软材料卷尖，用来淡化或调和彩色粉笔、蜡笔或铅笔画痕的）擦笔
[as modifier]engaged in or involving political campaigning
从事政治竞选，涉及政治竞选
he is an inspiring stump speaker.
他是个很具鼓动性的竞选演说家。

verb
[with obj.]

(一般作 be stumped)(of a question or problem) be too hard for; baffle
使为难，把…难住，使困惑
education chiefs were stumped by some of the exam questions.
教育主管们被有些考题难住了。
■(be stumped)be at a loss; be unable to work out what to do or say
不知所措，被难住
detectives are stumped for a reason for the attack.
侦探们怔住了，无法找出这次袭击的理由。
(Cricket)(of a wicketkeeper) dismiss (a batsman) by dislodging the bails with the ball while the batsman is out of the crease but not running
(板球)（击球员在限制线外未跑动时守门员用球把三柱门横木击落）使（击球员）出局
[no obj., with adverbial of direction]walk stiffly and noisily
僵硬地走;大声地走
he stumped away on short thick legs.
他迈着又短又粗的腿，僵硬地走开了。
(chiefly US)travel around (a district) making political speeches
(主美)作巡回政治演说
there is no chance that he will be well enough to stump the country.
他身体不可能恢复到可以进行全国巡回政治演说。
[no obj.]the two men had come to the city to stump for the presidential candidate.
那两个人已来到市里为总统候选人进行巡回竞选演讲。
use a stump on (a drawing, line, etc.)
用擦笔擦（画、线条等）

常用词组
on the stump

up a stump

语源

Middle English (denoting a part of a limb remaining after an amputation): from Middle Low German stump(e) or Middle Dutch stomp. The early sense of the verb was 'stumble'

继承用法
stump something up

(Brit. informal)pay a sum of money
(英，非正式)付钱
a buyer would have to stump up at least £8.5 million for the site.
要购买那地块，买主至少要付850万英镑。

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