surge

surge
noun

a sudden powerful forward or upward movement, especially by a crowd or by a natural force such as the waves or tide
汹涌（尤指人潮，波涛，潮汐等）
flooding caused by tidal surges.
由潮汐猛涨而引起的洪水泛滥。
■a sudden large increase, typically a brief one which happens during an otherwise stable or quiescent period
急剧上升；激增（尤指在相对稳定时期发生的短暂现象）
the firm predicted a 20% surge in sales.
公司预计销售量将激增20%。
■a powerful rush of an emotion or feeling
（感情）汹涌；翻腾
Sophie felt a surge of anger.
索菲感到一股怒火从胸中升起。
■a sudden marked increase in voltage or current in an electric circuit
（电路中的）浪涌

verb

[no obj., usu. with adverbial](of a crowd or a natural force) move suddenly and powerfully forward or upward
（人群，自然力）汹涌；奔腾
the journalists surged forward.
记者们蜂拥向前。
■increase suddenly and powerfully, typically during an otherwise stable or quiescent period
急剧上升；激增
shares surged to a record high.
股票剧升到历史最高点。
■(of an emotion or feeling) affect someone powerfully and suddenly
（感情，情绪在心中）澎湃
indignation surged up within her.
她怒火中烧。
■(of an electric voltage or current) increase suddenly
（电压，电流）猛增，浪涌
■(Nautical)(of a rope, chain, or windlass) slip back with a jerk
(航海)（绳子，缆索，绞盘）突然松开，突然滑脱

语源

late 15th cent. (in the sense 'fountain, stream'): the noun (in early use) from Old French sourgeon; the verb partly from the Old French stem sourge-, based on Latin surgere 'to rise'. Early senses of the verb included 'rise and fall on the waves' and 'swell with great force'

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