the

the
determiner

denoting one or more people or things already mentioned or assumed to be common knowledge
［指已提到或双方都知道的人或事物］这；那。比较 a
what's the matter?.
怎么啦？。
call the doctor.
给医生打电话。
the phone rang.
电话铃响了。
■used to refer to a person, place, or thing that is unique
［指独一无二的人、地、事］
the Queen.
女王。
the Mona Lisa.
蒙娜丽莎。
the Nile.
尼罗河。
■(informal or archaic)denoting a disease or affliction
(非正式或古)…疾病；…苦难
I've got the flu.
我得了流感。
■(with a unit of time) the present; the current
［与表示时间单位的词连用］当前的；现今的
dish of the day.
时菜。
man of the moment.
当代要人。
■(informal)used instead of a possessive to refer to someone with whom the speaker or person addressed is associated
(非正式)［指代物主代词］我（们）的；你（们）的
I'm meeting the boss.
我正要去见老板。
how's the family?.
家里情况怎样？。
■used with a surname to refer to a family or married couple
［用于姓氏前］…一家；…夫妇
the Johnsons were not wealthy.
约翰逊一家并不富裕。
■used before the surname of the chief of a Scottish or Irish clan
［用于苏格兰或爱尔兰家庭姓氏前］…宗族；…家族
the O'Donoghue.
奥多诺休宗族。
used to point forward to a following qualifying or defining clause or phrase
［用于带有后置限制性修饰语的名词等前］那，那个
the fuss that he made of her.
他对她的那种过分体贴。
the top of a bus.
公共汽车的顶部。
I have done the best I could.
我已经竭尽全力了。
■(chiefly with rulers and family members with the same name) used after a name to qualify it
［主要与统治者及其家族的姓名连用，置于所限定姓名之后］
George the Sixth.
乔治六世。
Edward the Confessor.
忏悔者爱德华。
Jack the Ripper.
“撕人魔”杰克。
used to make a generalized reference to something rather than identifying a particular instance
［指某事物的总称］
he taught himself to play the violin.
他自学拉小提琴。
I worry about the future.
我对前途忧心忡忡。
■used with a singular noun to indicate that it represents a whole species or class
［用于单数名词前，指一类物种或一个阶层］…类；…阶层
they placed the African elephant on their endangered list.
他们把非洲象列上了濒危动物名单。
■used with an adjective to refer to those people who are of the type described
［用于形容词前指一类人］ …人；…者
the unemployed.
失业者。
■used with an adjective to refer to something of the class or quality described
［用于形容词前指某一抽象概念］那，那个
they are trying to accomplish the impossible.
他们想完成不可能的任务。
■used with the name of a unit to state a rate
［与表示计算单位的名词连用］每，每一
they can do 120 miles to the gallon.
他们耗一加仑汽油可以行驶120英里。
35p in the pound.
每磅35便士。
enough of (a particular thing)
足够的
he hoped to publish monthly, if only he could find the money.
要是他能够筹到足够的钱，他希望每月出版一期。
(pronounced stressing ‘the’) used to indicate that someone or something is the best known or most important of that name or type
[the须重读］最重要（或最著名的）人（或事）
he was the hot young piano prospect in jazz.
他是爵士乐方面最走红且最具钢琴演奏潜力的年轻人。
used adverbially with comparatives to indicate how one amount or degree of something varies in relation to another
［用于比较级前］越…越…
the more she thought about it, the more devastating it became.
她越想这事儿，越泄气。
■(一般作 all the ——)used to emphasize the amount or degree to which something is affected
［用于强调数量、程度］（由于某事）而更…
commodities made all the more desirable by their rarity.
商品由于其稀罕性而使人更加想得到。

语源

Old English se, sēo, thæt, ultimately superseded by forms from Northumbrian and North Mercian thē, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch de, dat, and German der, die, das

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