train

train
verb

[with obj.]teach (a person or animal) a particular skill or type of behaviour through practice and instruction over a period of time
训练（人，动物）
the scheme trains people for promotion.
该计划提供晋升培训。
[with obj. and infinitive]the dogs are trained to sniff out illegal stowaways.
这些狗是被训练来嗅捕偷渡者的。
■[no obj.]be taught in such a way
受训练
he trained as a plumber.
他接受了水管工培训。
■[usu. as adj. trained]cause (a mental or physical faculty) to be sharp, discerning, or developed as a result of instruction or practice
对（智能，体能）进行训练
an alert mind and trained eye give astute evaluations.
机警的头脑、敏锐的眼光能对事情进行精确评价。
■cause (a plant) to grow in a particular direction or into a required shape
使（植物）朝某方向生长，成某形状
they trained crimson ramblers over their houses.
他们让深红色的蔓生植物爬上屋舍。
■[no obj.]undertake a course of exercise and diet in order to reach or maintain a high level of physical fitness, typically in preparation for participating in a specific sport or event
（尤指为特定运动、活动而）进行锻炼；（通过运动、合理饮食）使自己身体状态良好
she trains three times a week.
她一星期作三次锻炼。
■cause to undertake such a course of exercise
使锻炼，训练
the horse was trained in Paris.
这匹马在巴黎接受了训练。
■[no obj.](train down)reduce one's weight through diet and exercise in order to be fit for a particular event
（为某活动而）减肥
he trained down to heavyweight.
他减肥以参加重量级比赛。
[with obj.](train something on)point or aim something, typically a gun or camera, at
（尤指用枪、照相机）对准，瞄准
the detective trained his gun on the side door.
侦探把枪对准边门。
[no obj., with adverbial of direction](dated)go by train
(旧)乘火车
Charles trained to London with Emma.
查尔斯与爱玛乘火车去伦敦。
[with obj.](archaic)entice (someone) by offering pleasure or a reward
(古)引诱

noun

a series of railway carriages or wagons moved as a unit by a locomotive or by integral motors
火车，列车，铁路货车
a freight train.
一辆货运列车。
the journey took two hours by train.
旅行乘火车花了两个小时。
a succession of vehicles or pack animals travelling in the same direction
（沿同一方向行进的）车队，动物行列
a camel train.
一支骆驼队。
■a retinue of attendants accompanying an important person
随从，扈从
■a series of connected events
一系列相关的事情
you may be setting in motion a train of events which will cause harm.
你可能在促成一系列坏事。
■[usu. with modifier]a series of gears or other connected parts in machinery
（机械的）系
a train of gears.
轮系。
a long piece of material attached to the back of a formal dress or robe that trails along the ground
裙裾，拖裙
a trail of gunpowder for firing an explosive charge
（引爆炸药用的）导火线

常用词组
in train

(of arrangements) well organized or in progress
（安排）妥当，周密；在进行中
an investigation is in train.
调查正在进行中。

in someone/thing's train (或 in the train of)

following behind someone or something
跟随（某人，某事）；随后
■(figurative)as a sequel or consequence
(喻)结果
unemployment brings great difficulties in its train.
结果失业带来了极大困难。

train of thought

the way in which someone reaches a conclusion; a line of reasoning
思路；推理过程
I failed to follow his train of thought.
我没能跟上他的思路。

派生
trainability
noun
trainable
adjective
语源

Middle English (as a noun in the sense 'delay'): from Old French train (masculine), traine (feminine), from trahiner (verb), from Latin trahere 'pull, draw'. Early noun senses were 'trailing part of a robe' and 'retinue'; the latter gave rise to 'line of travelling people or vehicles', later 'a connected series of things'. The early verb sense 'cause (a plant) to grow in a desired shape' was the basis of the sense 'educate, instruct, teach'

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