vertebrate

vertebrate

1. Cuvier:French naturalist who is considered the founder of comparative anatomy and vertebrate paleontology.

"居维叶:法国自然学家,他被认为是比较解剖学以及脊椎动物古生物学的创始者."

2. This cave was excavated in 2003-2004 by a team led by Dr.Haowen TONG, a paleontologist, from IVPP (Institute of vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences).

2003年，中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所立项并由同号文博士带队对该地点进行了正式发掘。

3. It’s easy to control the SSA, but the TSA varies according to the anchor point of the pedicle screw、the experience of the operator and the vertebrate.

SSA角术中可透视下监控相对易于掌握，而TSA角随术者定位点的选择、手术经验及椎体节段的不同而变化。

4. Jaillon, O., et al. "Genome duplication in the teleost fish Tetraodon nigroviridis reveals the early vertebrate proto-karyotype. Nature 431, no. 7011 (2004): 946-57.

一种叫金娃娃的硬骨鱼的基因组复制揭示了早期脊椎动物的主要的染色体组型〉。《自然》，431卷，第7011期(2004年)：946-57页。

5. an extinct fishlike vertebrate.

一种灭绝了的、像鱼一样脊椎动物。

6. A cold-blooded, smooth-skinned vertebrate which characteristically hatches as an aquatic larva, breathing by gills. When mature, the amphibian breathes with lungs.

一种皮肤平滑的冷血脊椎动物,以孵化为水上幼虫为特点,用腮呼吸,成熟后用肺呼吸.

7. Having three germ layers.Used of the vertebrate embryo.

三重胚的具有三层原胚层的。用于脊椎动物的胚胎

8. Having three germ layers. Used of the vertebrate embryo.

三重胚的具有三层原胚层的。用于脊椎动物的胚胎。

9. Upper thoracic vertebrate fracture

上胸椎骨折

10. The lower jaw of a vertebrate animal.

下颌骨脊椎运动的下颌骨

11. Dead bodies of vertebrate in the field should not be collected or closely examined.

不要太接近脊椎动物的尸体或收集它们作样本。

12. A cold - blooded, smooth - skinned vertebrate of the class Amphibia, such as a frog or salamander, that characteristically hatches as an aquatic larva with gills.The larva then transforms into an adult having air - breathing lungs.

两栖动物一种两栖纲的皮肤光滑的冷血脊椎动物，如蛙或蝾螈，此类动物的特征是有鳃的幼虫在水中孵化，然后逐渐转变成用肺呼吸的成虫

13. A vertebrate amphibian.

两栖类脊椎动物

14. The middle section of the digestive tract in a vertebrate embryo from which the ileum, jejunum, and portions of the duodenum and colon develop.

中肠脊椎动物胚胎中消化道的中间部分，回肠、空肠、部分十二指肠和节肠均属此部位

15. The middle section of the digestive tract in a vertebrate embryo from which the ileum,jejunum,and portions of the duodenum and colon develop.

中肠脊椎动物胚胎中消化道的中间部分，回肠、空肠、部分十二指肠和节肠均属此部位。

16. The second of the three excretory organs that develop in a vertebrate embryo, becoming the functioning kidney in fish and amphibians but replaced by the metanephros in higher vertebrates.

中肾在脊椎动物胚胎内发育而成的三对排泄器官中的第二对，作为功能肾存在于鱼类和两栖类体内，但在更高级的脊椎动物中则发育成后肾

17. The second of the three excretory organs that develop in a vertebrate embryo,becoming the functioning kidney in fish and amphibians but replaced by the metanephros in higher vertebrates.

中肾在脊椎动物胚胎内发育而成的三对排泄器官中的第二对，作为功能肾存在于鱼类和两栖类体内，但在更高级的脊椎动物中则发育成后肾。

18. The middle zone of the mesoderm of a chordate vertebrate embryo, from which excretory tissue develops.

中胚叶节脊索类脊椎动物胚胎的中胚层的中间部分，最终会发育成排泄组织

19. The portion of the vertebrate brain that develops from the middle section of the embryonic brain.

中脑脊椎脑的一部分，由胚胎脑的中间部分发育而成

20. Thus, while the protection of their fossils discovered at the scene, advise Beijing side of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute.

于是，他们一面保护化石发掘现场，一面电告北京中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所。

21. See also algae, arthropod, bacteria, chordate, invertebrate, protist, protozoan, vertebrate.

亦请参阅algae、arthropod、bacterium、chordate、invertebrate、protozoan、vertebrate。

22. The most dramatic difference between the human brain and that of any other vertebrate is the appearance of hemispheric dominance or language specialization.

人脑及其他脊椎动物的脑之间，最夸张的差别就是半脑管辖与语言特化。

23. A glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney.

什麽是'急性肾炎综合徵-急性炎症的内部肾脏结构'?

24. The snake belongs to chordate phyla, vertebrate, reptile, squamata, serpents, in the animal kingdom.

从毒蛇蛇头毒腺分泌出的一种毒素。

25. Their findings are the first to show that a vertebrate will switch its colour back and forth depending on the presence of the mimicked species.

他们的研究第一次证明脊椎动物能来回变色，要取决于是否有自己能模仿的物种存在。

26. They said fish were the most ancient of the major vertebrate groups, giving them "ample time" to evolve complex, adaptable and diverse behaviour patterns that rivalled those of other vertebrates.

他们说鱼是最古老的主要脊椎动物，他们有"足够多的时间"来进化出复杂多样并且有适应能力的行为模式，与其他脊椎动物相抗衡。

27. The results show that there were17 vertebrate species in one fauna and 27 in the other one, both of which were members of the Ailuropoda-Stegodon fauna.

但马坝人动物群是一个代表中更新世晚期之末的动物群。

28. A cold-blooded vertebrate having an external covering of scales or horny plates. Reptiles breathe by means of lungs and are generally egg-laying.

体外覆有鳞或角质片的冷血脊椎动物.爬行动物用肺呼吸,通常产卵.

29. To turn or rotate(a limb) so that the inner surface faces down or back. Used of a vertebrate animal.

使（手，前肢等）掌面向下转或旋（四肢）使其内侧表面朝下或朝后。用来指脊椎动物

30. This is a side view showing the head on the right and the vertebrate.

侧身的影像,头在右,而白色弯弯的脊椎在上.

31. JENNIFER A.CLACK, a Reader in vertebrate paleontology and doctor of science at the University of Cambridge, has been studying tetrapod origins for 25 years.

克拉克是英国剑桥大学的科学博士与脊椎动物古生物学的高级讲师，研究四足动物起源已超过25年。

32. Cold-blood vertebrate has formatted multi-cold adaptation artifice in the various habitation environment.

冷血脊椎动物在多种多样栖息环境中形成多种耐寒策略。

33. Quite unexpectedly, vertebrate physiologists and microbial biochemists had found a common ground.

出乎意外，脊椎动物生理学家和微生物生化学家找到了共同阵地。

34. Fossils unearthed in the number, type of fan, preservation of integrity, attention to the world, known as the "fossil of the Township" and "treasure-house of Vertebrate Paleontology.

出土化石数量之多、种类之繁、保存之完整，为世所瞩目，被誉为“化石之乡”和“古脊椎动物的宝库”。

35. Antisera generated in vertebrate and immunocytochemical SABC method was applied to observe the immunoreactive neurons and neuropils of estrogen receptor(ER) in optic ganglia of Scylla serrata.

利用免疫细胞化学SABC法对锯缘青蟹(Scylla serrata)视神经节雌激素受体(ER)进行定位研究.

36. To date, fossils belonging to some 60 separate vertebrate groups have been found in digs in Green River and countless invertebrate fossils.

到现在，在绿河地区发掘出了分属于60个分散的脊椎动物群体的化石群，以及无数的非脊椎动物的化石。

37. So far it has not been detected in a vertebrate animal.

到目前为止，脊椎动物体内还没有发现过。

38. The amino acid sequence of PACAP is extremely conserved across vertebrate species, indicating a strong functional constraint during the course of evolution.

前人的研究表明，该基因突变失活以后，会引发人类原发性小脑症，病人的脑容量仅有正常人的三分之一到四分之一，相当于早期类人猿的脑容量。

39. The anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canalof a vertebrate from which the pharynx, lungs, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, and duodenum develop.

前肠脊椎动物消化道的前部,由此产生出咽、肺、食管、胃、肝脏、胰和十二指肠。

40. The anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal of a vertebrate from which the pharynx, lungs, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, and duodenum develop.

前肠脊椎动物消化道的前部，由此产生出咽、肺、食管、胃、肝脏、胰和十二指肠

41. The anterior part of the embryonic alimentary canal of a vertebrate from which the pharynx,lungs,esophagus,stomach,liver,pancreas,and duodenum develop.

前肠脊椎动物消化道的前部，由此产生出咽、肺、食管、胃、肝脏、胰和十二指肠。

42. The distal part of the forelimb of a vertebrate, including the wrist and hand or the carpus and forefoot.

前足脊椎动物前肢的末端，包括手腕和手或脚腕和前足

43. The Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, part of the Academia Sinica in Beijing, houses the fossilized teeth of the dinosaur Beipiaosaurus.

北京中科院脊椎动物古生物古人类研究所摆放着一只北票龙的牙齿化石。

44. 8.primitive jawless aquatic vertebrate: lampreys;

原始的无颚脊椎动物；七鳃鳗；

45. primitive jawless aquatic vertebrate: lampreys; hagfishes.

原始的无颚脊椎动物；七鳃鳗；八目鳗类鱼。

46. The excretory organ of a vertebrate embryo from which the kidney develops.

原肾脊椎动物胚胎的排泄器官，肾由此发展而来

47. The third and final excretory organ that develops in a vertebrate embryo. In birds, reptiles, and mammals it replaces the mesonephros as the functional excretory organ and develops into the adult kidney.

后肾脊椎动物胚胎发育中的第三个也是最后一个排泄器官。在鸟类、爬行动物和哺乳动物中它代替中肾起排泄器官的作用，并最终发育成肾

48. Wu Xinzhi:Professor , Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044；Member of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

吴新智：研究员，中科院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所，北京100044；中国科学院院士。

49. Any of various warm-blooded vertebrate animals of the class Mammalia, including human beings, characterized by a covering of hair on the skin and, in the female, milk-producing mammary glands for nourishing the young.

哺乳动物任一种包括人类在内的哺乳动物纲的温血脊椎动物，其特点是皮肤上有一层毛，雌性具有养育幼崽的能产生奶汁的乳腺

50. Mammals (formally Mammalia) are a class of vertebrate animals whose name is derived from their distinctive feature, mammary glands, with which they feed their young.

哺乳动物（正式哺乳动物）是一类脊椎动物的名字来自其独特的功能，乳腺增生病，与它们喂养自己的年轻。

51. MAMMAL, n.pl.A family of vertebrate animals whose females in a state of nature suckle their young, but when civilized and enlightened put them out to nurse, or use the bottle .

哺乳动物：脊椎动物的一类，其雌性具有用乳房哺喂幼儿的天性，不过，一旦这类动物进入文明社会，它们就会把幼儿交给保姆，或者用奶瓶喂养它们。

52. A type of white blood cell found in vertebrate blood, containing cytoplasmic granules that are easily stained by eosin or other acid dyes.

嗜伊红细胞脊椎动物血液中的一种白细胞，含有容易被曙红或其它酸性染料染色的脆质微粒

53. A steroid androgenic hormone, which has similar structure to vertebrate, can be detected in insects.

在昆虫的体内可检测到与脊椎动物结构相近的类固醇雄性激素。

54. Many signaling pathways play important roles in the formation of mesoderm and patterning of the neuroectoderm during early development of vertebrate embryos.

在脊椎动物胚胎的早期发育中，多种信号途径对中胚层形成和神经外胚层分化起着重要的调节作用。

55. Many antigens common to both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, and some immune inhibiting substance such as POMC-derived peptides, have been identified in the main stages of schistosome life cycle.

在血吸虫生活史的主要阶段均发现了许多与宿主相同的抗原以及众多的免疫抑制物质。这些物质有些是血吸虫自身表达的,有些是血吸虫结合的宿主抗原。

56. Body and vertebrate zinc concentrations of the cobia that fed FS diets were higher than the SES diet groups.

在鱼体、脊椎骨锌方面，发酵豆粉组含量高于去脂豆粉组，其中鱼体呈显著差异；

57. The genome content, gene order, and base composition conformed to the consensus vertebrate type mtDNA.

基因组结构, 基因顺序和碱基组成均与典型的脊椎动物类似。

58. The territory of more cultural and historical sites, there are holes to poke sites, ancient vertebrate fossils (commonly known as the keel).

境内文史遗址较多，有万佛洞遗址，古脊椎动物化石（俗称龙骨）。

59. Unmethylated CpG motifs (a CpG dinucleotide in particular base contexts) are prevalent in bacterial but not vertebrate genomic DNAs.

处于特定碱基背景中的非甲基化的CpG二核苷酸(CpG基序)在细菌及病毒的DNA中普遍存在，而在哺乳动物中则被强烈抑制和甲基化。

60. Abstract: Polydactyly is a common abnormal limb phenotype in vertebrate and there is similar limb phenotype among different species.

多趾是脊椎动物常见的肢体异常，在不同物种间具有相似的表型。

61. A functionally similar bone in the leg or hind limb of a vertebrate animal.

大腿骨脊椎动物腿上或后肢功能相近的骨骼

62. The uppermost or forwardmost part of the body of a vertebrate, containing the brain and the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and jaws.

头部脊椎动物身体的最高部或最前部，包括大脑、眼睛、耳朵、鼻子、嘴巴和下颌

63. As more vertebrate, and especially mammalian, genomes are sequenced, scientists will develop a clearer picture of this important class of sequence.

如更多脊椎动物，尤其是哺乳动物，基因组是排序了的，科学家将揭示这个重要的排序分类更清楚的图景。

64. If we are correct, Ichthyostega is the earliest vertebrate on record that shows some adaptations for nonswimming locomotion.

如果我们是对的，鱼石螈会是目前所知最早适应不以游泳行进的脊椎动物。

65. Cyt proteins have an important characteristic that they are cytolytic to a broad range of cells in viro including invertebrate cells and vertebrate cells.

它还有一个重要的特性就是在体外对广泛的脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的细胞有溶细胞活性。

66. The width of the space between the open jaws or mandibles of a vertebrate.

宽度脊椎动物张开的颔骨或下颚之间空间的宽度

67. Here the development mechanism and related genes controlling polydactyly character of vertebrate are reviewed.

对脊椎动物多趾性状的发生机理和相关基因的研究进展进行了综述。

68. These methods shall be regularly reviewed and improved with a view to reducing testing on vertebrate animals and the number of animals involved.

尤其是对人类毒性，信息可以通过使用替代方法用脊椎动物试验之外的其他方法生成。

69. So what does a vertebrate paleontologist think about all the attention penguins are now getting with pop culture hits like "March of the Penguins" and "Happy Feet"?

就企鹅得到的以流行文化诸如类似于"企鹅的行走"和"快乐的脚"的所有注意，一个脊椎动物古生物学者会想到什么呢?

70. A white, crystalline oxidation product, C4H6N4O3, of uric acid that is the metabolic end product of vertebrate purine oxidation and is used medicinally to promote tissue growth.

尿模素一种白色晶状尿酸氧化物，C4H6N4O3，该尿酸为脊椎动物嘌呤的代谢终产物，在医药方面用来刺激组织生长

71. A white,crystalline oxidation product,C4H6N4O3,of uric acid that is the metabolic end product of vertebrate purine oxidation and is used medicinally to promote tissue growth.

尿模素一种白色晶状尿酸氧化物，C4H6N4O3，该尿酸为脊椎动物嘌呤的代谢终产物，在医药方面用来刺激组织生长。

72. Alvarez-Buylla,A.,1990,Commitment and migration of young neurons in the vertebrate brain.Experientia.,46:897-882.

左明雪、向斌、彭卫民、曾少举,1999,成年白腰文鸟端脑新生神经元的光镜和电镜研究.动物学报,45(4):378-384.

73. We can trace four lineages of vertebrate cone pigments, named descriptively after the spectral region in which they are most sensitive: long-wavelength, mid-wavelength, short-wavelength and ultraviolet.

我们可以追溯出脊椎动物四种锥细胞视色素的演化路径，名称分别反应出它们最敏感的光谱波段：长波长、中波长、短波长与紫外光。

74. All these seem to indicate that molecular mechanisms of vertebrate sex determination and differentiation are diversified.

所有这些表明脊椎动物性别决定和分化机制是多样化的。

75. All non-mammal vertebrate species are theoretically capable of parthenogenesis, scientists say.Examples have been documented in komodo dragons, pythons, rattlesnakes, chickens, and turkeys.

所有非哺乳类脊椎动物在理论上都有进行单性繁殖，如科莫多巨蜴，蟒蛇，响尾蛇，鸡和火鸡。

76. An incomplete investigation shows that 924 vertebrate species and subspecies, accounting for 19.01%of 4865 in China, 3867 species of seed plants, accounting for 12.9%of 30 000 in China, are distributed in Gansu.

据不完全调查，共有脊椎动物924种和亚种，占国内4865种的19.01%；种子植物3867种，占国内30000种的12.9%。

77. Based on field survey, distribution and conservation of 82 rare and endangered vertebrate wildlife of Hubei Yerengu Nature Reserve were found out, occupying 28.8% of 285 species of the Nature Reserve.

据调查,发现湖北野人谷自然保护区分布有珍稀濒危野生脊椎动物82种,占保护区脊椎动物285种数的28.8%,其中兽类22种,鸟类43种,爬行类9种,两栖类7种。

78. Cells have a built-in death program through the regulation of genes.Apoptosis (programmed cell death) plays a very important role in the development of the vertebrate embryo.

摘要 细胞凋亡是细胞在基因调控下发生的主动消亡过程，在脊椎动物胚胎发育过程中非常重要。

79. Bipolar cells are responsible of transmitting light signals from photoreceptors to ganglion cells in vertebrate retinas.

摘要:脊椎动物视网膜的双极细胞主要是将感光细胞的讯息传递至神经节细胞。

80. Glucosamine is an aminosugar.It occurs in many polysaccharides of vertebrate tissues and is also a major component of chitin.

摘要:葡萄糖胺是一种胺基糖，存在于脊椎动物组织的多醣中，同时也是几丁质的主要组成成分。