wind

wind1
[wɪnd]
noun
  1. the perceptible natural movement of the air, especially in the form of a current of air blowing from a particular direction
    风
    the wind howled about the building.
    大楼四周狂风咆哮。
    an easterly wind.
    东风。
    [mass noun]gusts of wind.
    一阵阵风。
    ■[mass coun][as modifier]relating to or denoting energy obtained from harnessing the wind with windmills or wind turbines
    （由风车或风轮机所产生的）风能
    ■used to suggest something very fast, unrestrained, or changeable
    像风一样（快、无拘束或易变）的事物
    run like the wind.
    跑得像阵风一样 。
    she could be as free and easy as the wind.
    她能做到像风一样自由自在。
    ■used in reference to an influence or tendency that cannot be resisted
    （不可阻挡的）影响；趋势，潮流，动向
    a wind of change.
    变化的趋势。
    ■used in reference to an impending situation
    风向，逼近的形势
    he had seen which way the wind was blowing.
    他已看清形势。
    ■the rush of air caused by a fast-moving body
    气流
    ■a scent carried by the wind, indicating the presence or proximity of an animal or person
    （由风带来，表明附近有动物、人存在的）气味
  2. [mass noun]breath as needed in physical exertion or in speech
    呼吸；气息
    ■the power of breathing without difficulty while running or making a similar continuous effort
    呼吸能力
    he waited while Jez got his wind back.
    他等着耶兹喘过气来。
  3. [mass noun](Brit.)air swallowed while eating or gas generated in the stomach and intestines by digestion
    (英)肠气，胃气
    ■empty, pompous, or boastful talk; meaningless rhetoric
    大话；空谈
  4. [mass noun]air or breath used for sounding an organ or a wind instrument
    （使风琴、管乐器发声的）气流
    ■(亦作 winds)[treated as sing. or pl.]wind instruments, or specifically woodwind instruments, forming a band or a section of an orchestra
    （管弦乐队中的）管乐器（具体指木管乐器）
    these passages are most suitable for wind alone.
    这些乐章最适合管乐独奏。
    [as modifier]wind players.
    管乐器演奏者。
(past and past participle winded 或 wound waʊnd)
[with obj.]
  1. (一般作 be winded)cause (someone) to have difficulty breathing because of exertion or a blow to the stomach
    使气急，使胃部受击呼吸困难
    the fall nearly winded him.
    这一跌使他几乎喘不过气来。
  2. (Brit.)make (a baby) bring up wind after feeding by patting its back
    (英)（喂食后轻轻拍背）使（婴儿）打嗝
    Paddy's wife handed him their six-month-old daughter to be winded.
    帕迪的妻子把六个月大的女儿递给他，让他轻拍女儿的背使她打嗝。
  3. detect the presence of (a person or animal) by scent
    嗅出（人，动物）的气味
    the birds could not have seen us or winded us.
    鸟儿那时不可能看见我们或嗅出我们的气味。
  4. (poetic/literary)sound (a bugle or call) by blowing
    (诗／文)吹（号角，哨子）
    but scarce again his horn he wound.
    但又很少听到他吹号了。
常用词组
before the wind
  1. (Sailing)with the wind blowing from astern
    (航海)顺风，借风力
get wind of
  1. (informal)begin to suspect that (something) is happening; hear a rumour of
    (非正式)开始觉察；听到…的风声，获悉…的消息
    Mortimer got wind of a plot being hatched.
    莫蒂默听风声说有人正在策划阴谋。
it's an ill wind that blows nobody any good
  1. (proverb)few things are so bad that no one profits from them
    (谚)使人人遭殃的风才是恶风；世上鲜有绝对的坏事；害于此者利于彼
like the wind
  1. very quickly
    飞快地
    she ran like the wind back to the house.
    她飞快地跑回屋子。
off the wind
  1. (Sailing)with the wind on the quarter
    (航海)顺风
on a wind
  1. (Sailing)against a wind on either bow
    (航海)逆风，迎风，顶风
put (或 have) the wind up
  1. (Brit. informal)alarm or frighten (or be alarmed or frightened)
    (英，非正式)（使）警觉；（使）受惊吓
    he was trying to put the wind up him with stories of how hard teaching was.
    他正极力用教学如何如何困难的说法来吓唬他。
sail close to (或 near) the wind
  1. (Sailing)sail as nearly against the wind as is consistent with using its force
    (航海)迎风航行
  2. (informal)verge on indecency, dishonesty, or disaster
    (非正式)行为几失检点；近乎不老实；濒临险境
take the wind out of someone's sails
  1. frustrate someone by unexpectedly anticipating an action or remark
    先发制人；冷不防挫败某人
to the wind(s) (或 the four winds)
  1. in all directions
    四面八方
    my little flock scatters to the four winds.
    我的一小群羊分散四方。
    ■so as to be abandoned or neglected
    以便放弃（或忽略）
    I threw my friends' advice to the winds.
    我把我朋友们的建议抛到了九霄云外。
派生
windless
adjective
语源
  1. Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wind and German Wind, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin ventus
wind2
[wʌɪnd]
(past and past participle wound waʊnd)
  1. [no obj., with adverbial of direction]move in or take a twisting or spiral course
    弯曲前进，蜿蜒而行
    the path wound among olive trees.
    这条小道在橄榄树丛中蜿蜒。
  2. [with obj. and adverbial]pass (something) round a thing or person so as to encircle or enfold
    绕，缠绕；包，裹
    he wound a towel around his midriff.
    他把毛巾裹在他的肚子上。
    ■repeatedly twist or coil (a length of something) around itself or a core
    卷，卷绕
    Anne wound the wool into a ball.
    安妮把毛线绕成一个球。
    ■[no obj., with adverbial]be twisted or coiled in such a way
    被弯曲，被卷曲
    large vines wound round every tree.
    每棵树上都盘绕着粗大的藤。
    ■wrap or surround (a core) with a coiled length of something
    包裹，环绕（核心）
    devices wound with copper wire.
    缠绕着铜丝线圈的仪器。
  3. [with obj.]make (a clock or other device, typically one operated by clockwork) operate by turning a key or handle
    给（钟等）上发条
    he wound up the clock every Saturday night.
    他每个星期六晚上给钟上发条。
    she was winding the gramophone.
    她正给留声机上发条。
    ■turn (a key or handle) repeatedly round and round
    转动（钥匙，把手）
    I wound the handle as fast as I could.
    我尽可能快地转动把手。
    ■[with obj. and adverbial of direction]cause (an audio or video tape or a film) to move back or forwards to a desired point
    使（录音带，录像带，胶卷）倒退（或前进）
    I forgot how to wind the film on.
    我忘了如何倒胶卷了。
    ■[with obj. and adverbial of direction]hoist or draw (something) with a windlass, winch, or similar device
    （用辘轳、绞车等）吊起（某物）
noun
  1. a twist or turn in a course
    弯曲；曲折
  2. a single turn made when winding
    一圈，一转
语源
  1. Old English windan 'go rapidly', 'twine', of Germanic origin; related to wander and wend
继承用法
wind down
  1. (of a mechanism, especially one operated by clockwork) gradually lose power
    （尤指用发条驱动的机械装置）渐渐停下
    ■(informal)(of a person) relax after stress or excitement
    (非正式)（人在紧张、兴奋之后）松弛下来，放松
    ■(亦作 wind something down)draw or bring gradually to a close
    逐步结束
    business began to wind down as people awaited the new regime.
    当人们等待新的管理制度出台时，业务开始逐渐缩减。
wind up
informal
非正式
  1. arrive or end up in a specified state, situation, or place
    抵达；（以某状态，情况或在某地）结束
    Kevin winds up in New York .
    凯文终于抵达纽约。
  2. another way of saying wind something up (in sense 2):
    同 wind something up(义项2):
    he wound up by attacking Nonconformists.
    最终他选择攻击那些不信奉国教者。
wind someone up
  1. (Brit. informal)tease or irritate someone
    (英，非正式)捉弄，激怒（某人）
    she's only winding me up.
    她只是捉弄我罢了。
  2. (一般作 be wound up)make tense or angry
    使紧张（或生气）
    he was clearly wound up and frantic about his daughter.
    很明显，他被女儿气得发疯。
wind something up
  1. arrange the affairs of and dissolve a company
    （公司）停业清理
    the company has since been wound up.
    这家公司从此倒闭了。
  2. gradually or finally bring an activity to a conclusion
    慢慢终止；以…告终
    the experiments had to be wound up because the funding stopped.
    因为资金资助已停止，这些实验不得不被终止。
  3. (informal)increase the tension, intensity, or power of something
    (非正式)增加某物的紧张度（或强度、力量）
    he wound up the engine.
    他加大马力。
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