bear

bear1
(past bore ;past participle borne )
[with obj.]
  1. (of a person) carry
    （人）携带，拿
    he was bearing a tray of brimming glasses.
    他托着一盘倒满酒的酒杯。
    the warriors bore lances tipped with iron.
    武士们拿着铁头长矛。
    ■(of a vehicle or boat) convey (passengers or cargo)
    （车，船）运输；运送
    steamboats bear the traveller out of Kerrerra Sound.
    汽船把游客送出凯勒拉海峡。
    ■have or display as a visible mark or feature
    印有；写有；刻有；绘有
    many of the papers bore his flamboyant signature.
    很多报纸都印有他花哨的签名。
    ■be called by (a name or title)
    以（姓名，头衔）相称
    he bore the surname Tiller.
    他姓蒂勒。
    ■[with adverbial](bear oneself)carry or conduct oneself in a specified manner
    表现
    she bore herself with dignity.
    她表现得很有尊严。
  2. support
    支持；支撑
    walls which cannot bear a stone vault.
    无法支撑石拱顶的墙壁。
    ■take responsibility for
    承担，担负（责任）
    no one likes to bear the responsibility for such decisions.
    没有人喜欢为这样的决定承担责任。
    the expert's fee shall be borne by the tenant.
    专家费要由承租人负担。
    ■be able to accept or stand up to
    经得起
    it is doubtful whether either of these distinctions would bear scrutiny.
    这两个级别是否能经受得起详细审查值得怀疑。
  3. endure (an ordeal or difficulty)
    忍受（考验，困难）
    she bore the pain stoically.
    她平静地忍受着疼痛。
    ■[with modalandnegative]manage to tolerate (a situation or experience)
    设法忍受住（环境，经历）
    she could hardly bear his sarcasm.
    她几乎无法忍受他的讽刺。
    [with infinitive]I cannot bear to see you hurt.
    我无法忍受看到你受伤。
    ■(cannot bear someone/thing)strongly dislike
    不能忍受；厌恶
    I can't bear caviar.
    我讨厌鱼子酱。
  4. give birth to (a child)
    生育（孩子）
    she bore sixteen daughters.
    她生了16个女儿。
    [with two objs]his wife had borne him a son.
    他妻子为他生了个儿子。
    ■(of a tree or plant) produce (fruit or flowers)
    （树，植物）结（果实）；长出（花）
  5. [noobj., with adverbial of direction]turn and proceed in a specified direction
    拐弯
    bear left and follow the old drove road.
    左转然后一直沿着旧牲畜道走。
常用词组
bear arms
  1. carry firearms
    携带武器
  2. wear or display a coat of arms
    佩戴盾形徽号；展示盾形纹章
bear the brunt of
  1. 见 brunt
bear the burden of
  1. suffer the consequences of
    承受…的后果
bear fruit
  1. (figurative)yield positive results
    (喻)有成效
bear someone a grudge
  1. nurture a feeling of resentment against someone
    对某人心怀怨恨
bear a hand
  1. (archaic)help in a task or enterprise
    (古)出一把力，帮助
bear in mind
  1. remember and take into account
    记住
    [with clause]you need to bear in mind that the figures vary from place to place.
    你需要记住： 这些数据是因地而异的。
bear someone malice (或 ill will)
  1. [with negative]wish someone harm
    对某人怀恶意
bear a relation (或 relationship) to
  1. [with negative]be logically consistent with
    一致
    the map didn't seem to bear any relation to the roads.
    这地图似乎和道路丝毫不一致。
bear a resemblance (或 similarity) to
  1. resemble
    相像
bear the stamp of
  1. strongly resemble in a way that suggests influence
    带有…印记
    their tactics bear the stamp of Soviet military training.
    他们的战术带有苏联军事训练的印记。
bear witness (或 testimony) to
  1. testify to
    证明
    little is left to bear witness to the past greatness of the city.
    这个城市没留下什么能证明它过去的辉煌。
    ■state or show one's belief in
    表明信念
    people bearing witness to Jesus.
    表明信仰耶稣的人们。
be borne in upon
  1. come to be realized by
    被认识到
    the folly of her action was borne in on her.
    她认识到自己行为的愚蠢了。
bring pressure to bear on
  1. attempt to coerce
    企图强迫
bring to bear
  1. muster and use to effect
    应用；使用
    she had reservations about how much influence she could bring to bear.
    在自己能运用多大的影响力这方面，她有所保留。
  2. aim (a weapon)
    （用武器）瞄准
    bringing his rifle to bear on a distant target.
    用他的步枪瞄准远处的目标。
does not bear thinking about
  1. is too terrible to contemplate
    可怕得难以想像；不堪想像
grin and bear it
  1. 见 grin
语源
  1. Old English beran, of Germanic origin; from an Indo-European root shared by Sanskrit bharati, Greek pherein, and Latin ferre
用法
  1. Until the 18th century borne and born were simply variant forms of the past participle of bear, used interchangeably with no distinction in meaning. By around 1775, however, the present distinction in use had become established. At that time borne became the standard past participle used in all the senses listed in this dictionary entry, e.g she has borne you another son the findings have been borne out and so on. Born became restricted to just one very common use, which remains the case today: in the passive, without by, as the standard, neutral way to refer to birth she was born in 1965 he was born lucky or I was born and bred in Gloucester
继承用法
bear away
  1. another way of saying bear off
    同 bear off
bear down
  1. (of a woman in labour) exert downwards pressure in order to push the baby out
    （产妇）用力产出胎儿
bear down on
  1. move directly towards someone or something in a purposeful or intimidating manner
    向…进逼；（气势汹汹地）冲向
    ■take strict measures to deal with
    严肃对待
    a commitment to bear down on inflation.
    严肃对待通货膨胀的承诺。
bear off
  1. (Sailing)change course away from the wind
    (航海)变换航向以避开大风
bear on
  1. be relevant to (something)
    与…有关
    two kinds of theories which bear on literary studies.
    与文学研究有关的两种理论。
    ■[with adverbial]be a burden on (someone)
    压在（某人）身上，成为（某人的）负担
    the extension of VAT to domestic fuel will bear hard on the low-paid.
    国产燃料增值税的扩征会成为低收入者的负担。
bear something out
  1. support or confirm something
    证实
    this assumption is not borne out by any evidence.
    这个设想没有得到任何证据的证实。
bear up
  1. remain cheerful in the face of adversity
    （面对逆境）振作
    she's bearing up remarkably well.
    她现在振作多了。
bear with
  1. be patient or tolerant with
    对…有耐心；容忍
bear2
(复同单，或 bears)
  1. a large, heavy mammal which walks on the soles of its feet, with thick fur and a very short tail. Bears are related to the dog family but have an omnivorous diet
    熊
  2. Family Ursidae: several genera and species
    熊科： 数属及数种
    ■a teddy bear
    玩具熊，泰迪熊
    ■(informal)a rough, ill-mannered, uncouth person
    (非正式)粗暴无礼的人，没教养的人
    ■a large, heavy, cumbersome man
    体格笨重、行动迟缓的男人
    ■(the Bear)(informal)a nickname for Russia
    (非正式)“北极熊"（俄国的外号）
  3. (Stock Exchange)a person who sells shares hoping to buy them back later at a lower price
    (股票)卖空者，做空头者。 常与 bull 相对
  4. (复同单，或 bears)(informal, chiefly US)a police officer
    (非正式，主 美)警察，老警，“黑猫"
常用词组
like a bear with a sore head
  1. (Brit. informal)(of a person) very irritable
    (英，非正式)（人）易怒的，暴躁的
loaded for bear
  1. (N. Amer. informal)fully prepared for any eventuality, especially a confrontation or challenge
    (北美，非正式)严阵以待的，做好准备的
语源
  1. Old English bera, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch beer and German Bär
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