pin

pin
noun

a small piece of metal or wood for fastening or attaching things, in particular
用以扣系物品的金属或木质销子，钉子，闩，尤指
■a thin piece of metal with a sharp point at one end and a round head at the other, used for fastening pieces of cloth, paper, etc
大头针，别针；图钉
■a small brooch or badge
饰针；徽章，像章
■(Medicine)a steel rod used to join the ends of fractured bones while they heal
(医)钢钉
■a metal peg that holds down the activating lever of a hand grenade, preventing its explosion
（手榴弹的）保险针，保险销
■short for hairpin
hairpin 的简称
■(Music)a peg round which one string of a musical instrument is fastened
(乐)弦轴；琴轸
a short piece of wood or metal for various purposes, in particular
用作各种目的的木质或金属短件，尤指
■a skittle in bowling
（保龄球）木瓶
■a metal projection from a plug or an integrated circuit which makes an electrical connection with a socket or another part of a circuit
插头；插脚
■(Golf)a stick with a flag placed in a hole to mark its position
(高尔夫)标号旗杆
(pins)(informal)legs
(非正式)腿
she was very nimble on her pins.
她腿脚非常灵活。
(Chess)an attack on a piece or pawn which is thereby pinned
(棋)牵制
(Brit. historical)a half-firkin cask for beer
(英，史)4.5加仑啤酒桶

(pinned, pinning)

[with obj. and adverbial]attach with a pin or pins
（用钉子）钉住，别住
pin a note on the door.
在门上钉一张字条。
■fasten (something) with a pin or pins in a specified position
（用销子）闩住，固定住
her hair was pinned back.
她的头发别在了后面。
■(pin something on)fix blame or responsibility for something on (someone)
把…归罪于；把…归咎于
■hold someone firmly in a specified position so they are unable to move
使无法动弹
she was standing pinned against the door.
她靠着门站在那儿，动弹不得。
■[with obj.]transfix (something) with a pin or other pointed instrument
（用钉子或其他尖物体）刺穿
an enormous butterfly pinned by a heartless collector.
被狠心的收藏者刺穿身体的大蝴蝶。
■[with obj.](Chess)hinder or prevent (a piece or pawn) from moving because of the danger to a more valuable piece standing behind it along the line of an attack
(棋)牵制

常用词组
(as) clean (或 neat) as a new pin

extremely clean or neat
非常整洁

for two pins I'd (或 she'd，等) ——

used to indicate that one is very tempted to do something, especially out of annoyance
巴不得，恨不得

hear a pin drop

used to describe absolute silence or stillness
静得连针掉在地上也听得见

on pins and needles

in an agitated state of suspense
如坐针毡；焦躁不安；急得要命

pin one's colours to the mast

见 mast

pin one's ears back

listen carefully
全神贯注地听

pin one's hopes (或 faith) on

rely heavily on
寄厚望于；把希望寄托在…上
ministers were pinning their hopes on a big-spending Christmas.
部长们把希望寄托在大肆消费的圣诞节上。

语源

late Old English pinn, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch pin 'pin, peg', from Latin pinna 'point, tip, edge'

继承用法
pin someone down

restrict the actions or movement of an enemy by firing at them
火力压制
■force someone to be specific and make their intentions clear
迫使作具体说明和明确表态

pin something down

define something precisely
确定，落实

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