scratch[skrætʃ]vt.1.■擦,刮;使发出刮擦声(或刺耳的声音):to scratch one’s chin with the index finger用食指勾了一下某人的下巴2.■擦红,擦痛,擦伤:to scratch one’s arm擦破了胳臂3.■搔(痒),在…处搔痒:to scratch the leg搔腿4.■搓(手);摩擦5.■用(爪子等)抓;挖,刨:to scratch a hole with the front claws用前爪刨洞6.■抓破,抓伤;划破,划伤:to scratch the glass with a diamond ring用钻戒划破玻璃7.■(用利器)刻画:to scratch the road sign on a tree在树上刻上路标8.■胡乱地涂画,潦草地写:to scratch one’s name on the register在登记簿上潦草地签名9.■擦去,勾掉,删除:to scratch some words from the sentence从句中删去几个词10.■[美国英语]从候选人名单上划掉…的名字11.■【体育】取消…的比赛资格,使弃权:to scratch one horse取消一匹马的参赛资格12.■[俚语]拼凑;积攒13.■[美国俚语]伪造(支票、文件等)14.■【计算机】擦除(数据等)vi.1.■擦,刮;发出刮擦声:My pen scratches.我的钢笔写字时刮纸。The cat scratches at the door.猫咪在外面抓门呢!2.■擦红,擦伤3.■搔痒4.■抓破,划伤:My body scratches all over.我浑身上下哪里都痒。5.■抓;扒;刨:to scratch for food刨土找食6.■艰难度日,勉强糊口:to scratch and live on potatoes靠土豆勉强糊口度日7.■【体育】(赛马等)退出比赛,弃权:That horse scratched on the right day of racing.那匹马在比赛当天退出了比赛。8.■[美国英语]删除候选人名9.■【牌戏】未得分10.■【台球】失误;侥幸击中n.1.■擦;刮2.■刮擦声;(尤指)噪声3.■擦迹,刮痕,划痕4.■[口语]擦伤,抓伤5.■搔,抓;搔痒6.■搔痕,抓迹7.■乱写乱画;潦草的字迹8.■【体育】9.■起跑线10.■(无让步条件的)平等比赛参加者(或起跑线)11.■弃权的赛马(或运动员)12.■【牌戏】零分13.■【台球】失误,罚分;侥幸击中14.■【兽病理学】马脚葡萄疮15.■对勇气的考验16.■[美国俚语]钱;现钞;伪币17.■(撒喂的)粒料18.■[美国俚语]无足轻重的人,无名小卒19.■半头式假发(=scratch wig)20.■= scratch hit21.■(说唱音乐最高音中使用的)擦音技术;擦音(效果)adj.1.■(纸)打草稿用的,随便写用的2.■[口语]东拼西凑的;临时组成的3.■[口语]碰巧的,侥幸的4.■【体育】平等比赛的,无让步条件的5.■[美国口语]【棒球】侥幸安打的a scratch of the pen草草写的几个字;签名bring someone to the scratch使某人下定决心;使某人坚决行动起来(或做好准备)come up to the scratch[口语]站到起跑线上决定采取行动;准备好迎接困难符合要求,达到标准践约;遵守规则from scratch从零开始;白手起家no great scratch没什么了不起,很平常,并不怎样出色on scratch准时,正点scratch a living艰难度日,勉强糊口scratch for oneself[美国口语]关心自身利益Scratch me (或my) back and I’ll scratch you(或yours).[谚语]你捧我,我就捧你;你帮我,我也帮你。scratch one’s head见 headscratch(soneone) where he itches讨好(或迎合)某人scratch the surface见 surfacestart from scratch从头开始;白手起家toe a (或 the) scratch【体育】站在起跑线上准备采取行动up to scratch准备起跑,站在起跑线上[口语]做好准备[口语]达到标准,合格;(身体)处于良好状态without a scratch一点儿也没受伤,安然无恙
scratchscratch[skrætʃ]vt.,vi.1.■搔, 抓, 刨, 挖2.■抓破, 刮伤3.■仓促地写, 涂写4.■停止; 丢弃5.■(把...)从候补人名单中勾掉[涂掉], 勾划掉(out, out of)6.■勉强维持7.■将(马、狗等)退出比赛8.■假造(支票)scratch a match擦火柴scratch where it itches搔痒; [喻]迎合人意scratch out a hole挖出一个洞scratch test(皮肤)划痕试验scratch a few lines to a friend潦草地写几句话给一位朋友scratch out [off] a name from a list从名单上划去一个名字That cat will scratch you with its claws.那猫会用爪子抓你的。The lecturer merely scratched the surface of the subject.演讲人仅仅抓到该题目的一点皮毛。The horse was scratched.那马退出比赛了。