sink

sink¹
(past sank ; past participle sunk )

[no obj.]go down below the surface of something, especially of a liquid; become submerged
下沉；沉没
he saw the coffin sink below the surface of the waves.
他看着棺材沉于波浪之下。
■(of a ship) go to the bottom of the sea or some other body of water because of damage or a collision
（船只因损毁或相撞而）沉没
the trawler sank with the loss of all six crew.
拖网渔船沉没了，六名船员全部丧命。
■(figurative)disappear and not be seen or heard of again
(喻)消失；无音信
the film sank virtually without trace.
这部电影实际上消失得无影无踪。
■[with obj.]cause (a ship) to go to the bottom of the sea or other body of water
使（船只）沉没
a freak wave sank their boat near the shore.
一股逆浪使他们的船只沉没于海岸附近。
■[with obj.](figurative)cause to fail
(喻)使失败
this pledge could sink the government.
该誓言会使政府垮台。
■[with obj.](figurative)conceal, keep in the background, or ignore
(喻)隐藏，掩盖
they agreed to sink their differences.
他们同意消除分歧。
[no obj.]descend from a higher to a lower position; drop downwards
下降；下落；下沉；下陷
Sam felt the ground sinking beneath his feet.
山姆感到脚下的地面正在下陷。
you can relax on the veranda as the sun sinks low.
太阳下山时，你可以在走廊上休憩。
■(of a person) lower oneself or drop down gently
（人）屈身；轻缓倒下
she sank back on to her pillow.
她仰面倒在枕头上。
■[with adverbial of direction]gradually penetrate into the surface of something
渗透；渐渐陷入
her feet sank into the thick pile of the carpet.
她的脚陷于地毯的厚绒之中。
■(sink in)(figurative)(of words or facts) be fully understood or realized
(喻)（词，情况）完全被理解；被理会
Peter read the letter twice before its meaning sank in.
彼得读了两遍之后才完全理解信的意思。
■[with obj.](sink something into)cause something sharp to penetrate (a surface)
使某锋利物穿透（表面）
the dog sank its teeth into her arm.
这条狗在她的胳膊上狠狠地咬了一口。
[no obj.]gradually decrease or decline in value, amount, quality, or intensity
（价值、数量、质量或强度）逐渐下降，下跌
their output sank to a third of the pre-war figure.
他们的产量跌至战前数量的1/3。
the reputation of the Council sank to a very low level.
委员会名声狼藉。
■lapse or fall into a particular state or condition, typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant
陷入，落入（某状态、情境，尤指不受欢迎或不愉快的那种）
he sank into a coma after suffering a brain haemorrhage.
脑出血之后，他陷入昏迷状态。
■be overwhelmed by a darker mood; become depressed
（心情）压抑
her heart sank as she thought of Craig.
她想到克雷格时，心便沉了下来。
■approach death
接近死亡
the doctor concluded that the lad was sinking fast.
医生断定这位小伙子快要死了。
[with obj.]insert beneath a surface by digging or hollowing out
插入；嵌进
rails fixed in place with screws sunk below the surface of the wood.
用嵌于木头之中的螺丝钉固定到位的围栏。
■excavate (a well) or bore (a shaft) vertically downwards
挖掘（井）；钻（矿井）
they planned to sink a gold mine in Oklahoma.
他们打算在俄克拉何马州挖掘金矿。
■pocket (a ball) in snooker or billiards
击（台球）入袋
■(Golf)hit the ball into the hole with (a putt or other shot)
(高尔夫)击（球）入穴
■(informal)drink (alcohol), especially rapidly
(非正式)（尤指快速地）饮（酒）
English players sinking a few post-match lagers.
赛后快饮了几杯贮陈啤酒的英国运动员。
■[with obj. and adverbial]insert into something
插入
Kelly stood watching, her hands sunk deep into her pockets.
凯丽手深深地插在口袋里，站在一旁观望。
[with obj.](sink something in/into)put money or energy into (something); invest something in
将（金钱，精力）投入（某事）；投资
many investors sank their life savings into the company.
许多投资者将他们一生的积蓄投资于这家公司。

常用词组
a (或 that) sinking feeling

an unpleasant feeling caused by the realization that something unpleasant or undesirable has happened or is about to happen
（因意识到已发生或将要发生不愉快、讨厌的事情而引起的）颓丧感

sink or swim

fail or succeed entirely by one's own efforts
完全靠个人努力决定成功与否

派生
sinkable
adjective
sinkage
noun
语源

Old English sincan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch zinken and German sinken

用法

Historically, the past tense of sink has been both sank and sunkthe boat sank; the boat sunkand the past participle has been both sunk and sunkenthe boat had already sunk; the boat had already sunkenIn modern English, however, the past is generally sank (occasionally sunk) and the past participle is always sunk. The form sunken now only survives as an adjective, as in sunken garden; sunken cheeks

sink²
noun

a fixed basin with a water supply and outflow pipe
水槽
■short for sinkhole
sinkhole 的简称
■a pool or marsh in which a river's water disappears by evaporation or percolation
洼地；渗坑
■(technical)a body or process which acts to absorb or remove energy or a particular component from a system
(技)汇，壑。 source 的反义词
a heat sink.
热汇。
the oceans can act as a sink for CO₂.
海洋可充当二氧化碳汇集处。
■[usu. as modifier](figurative)a school or estate situated in a socially deprived area
(喻)位于社会贫困地区的学校或房产
the local sink school.
该贫困地区的学校。
■(figurative)a place of vice or corruption
(喻)巢，穴，藏垢的场所
a sink of unnatural vice, pride, and luxury.
人为的恶习、傲慢与奢侈的渊薮。

语源

Middle English: from sink

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