stand

stand
(past and past participle stood )
  1. [no obj., usu. with adverbial of place]have or maintain an upright position, supported by one's feet
    站立，站
    Lionel stood in the doorway.
    莱昂内尔站在门口。
    she stood still, heart hammering.
    她一动不动地站着，心怦怦地跳个不停。
    ■rise to one's feet
    起立，站起来
    the two men stood up and shook hands.
    那两个人站起来，握了握手。
    ■[no obj., with adverbial of direction]move to and remain in a specified position
    处于特定位置
    she stood aside to let them enter.
    她站到一旁让他们进去。
    ■[with obj. and adverbial of place]place or set in an upright or specified position
    使直立；竖放
    don't stand the plant in direct sunlight.
    不要把植物竖立在阳光下直接照射的地方。
  2. [no obj., with adverbial of place](of an object, building, or settlement) be situated in a particular place or position
    （物体，建筑物，住所）坐落于，位于特定位置
    the town stood on a hill.
    那城镇位于小山上。
    the hotel stands in three acres of gardens.
    那旅馆坐落于占地三英亩的花园之中。
    ■(of a building or other vertical structure) remain upright and entire rather than fall into ruin or be destroyed
    （建筑物等垂直结构）保持完整原状未被毁坏
    after the storms only one house was left standing.
    那场暴风雨过后只有一座房子保持完好。
    ■remain valid or unaltered
    保持有效；保持不变
    my decision stands.
    我的决定不变。
    he won 31 caps–a record which stood for 42 years.
    他31次入选国家队，这个记录保持了42年不变。
    ■motionless
    （液体）滞留，积聚
    soil where water stands in winter.
    在冬季储存水分的土壤。
    ■(of food, a mixture, or liquid) rest without disturbance, typically so as to infuse or marinate
    （食物，混合物，液体）浸泡（或浸渍）
    pour boiling water over the fruit and leave it to stand for 5 minutes.
    把开水浇在水果上并泡上五分钟。
    ■[no obj., with adverbial of direction](of a ship) remain on a specified course
    （船）取特定航向
    the ship was standing north.
    那船正向北行驶。
  3. [no obj., with complement]be in a specified state or condition
    处于特定状态（或情形）
    since mother's death the house had stood empty.
    自从母亲去世以后房子一直空着。
    sorry, darling—I stand corrected.
    对不起，亲爱的，我认错。
    ■adopt a particular attitude towards a matter or issue
    对…采取特定的态度
    students should consider where they stand on this issue.
    学生们应当考虑一下对这个问题的态度。
    ■be of a specified height
    特定的高度
    Sampson was a small man, standing 5 ft 4 in tall.
    桑普森身材矮小，身高只有5英尺4英寸。
    ■(stand at)be at (a particular level or value)
    处于（特定的水平或价值）
    the budget stood at £2,000 million per annum.
    每年的预算是20亿英镑。
    ■[no obj., with infinitive]be in a situation where one is likely to do something
    很可能会
    investors stood to lose heavily.
    投资者很可能损失惨重。
    ■act in a specified capacity
    具有特定的能力
    he stood security for the government's borrowings.
    他为政府的借贷作保。
    ■(亦作 stand at stud)[no obj.](of a stallion) be available for breeding
    （牡马）可作种马
  4. [with obj. and often modal]withstand (an experience or test) without being damaged
    抵挡，抵御
    small, stable boats that could stand the punishment of heavy seas.
    能抵挡大海巨浪冲击的牢固小船。
    will your cooker stand the strain of the festive season?.
    你的炊具能经得起节假日期间连续的使用吗？。
    ■[usu. with negative](informal)be able to endure or tolerate
    (非正式)忍受，忍耐；容忍
    I can't stand the way Mum talks to him.
    我不能忍受妈妈对他说话的方式。
    ■[with modal and negative](informal)strongly dislike
    (非正式)非常不喜欢，极其讨厌
    I can't stand brandy.
    我不喜欢白兰地。
  5. [no obj.](Brit.)be a candidate in an election
    (英)当候选人，参加竞选
    he stood for parliament in 1968.
    他参加了1968年的国会选举。
  6. [no obj.]act as umpire in a cricket match
    担任（板球的）裁判员
  7. [usu. with two objs]provide (food or drink) for (someone) at one's own expense
    （自掏腰包）请（某人）吃喝，为…付账
    somebody in the bar would stand him a coffee.
    酒吧里会有人请他喝咖啡。
noun
  1. [usu. in sing.]an attitude towards a particular issue; a position taken in an argument
    态度；立场
    the party's tough stand on immigration.
    该党在移民问题上的强硬态度。
    his traditionalist stand.
    他因循守旧的立场。
    ■a determined effort to resist or fight for something
    下决心抵御，为…奋斗
    this was not the moment to make a stand for independence.
    现在不是争取独立的时机。
    we have to take a stand against racism.
    我们必须反对种族主义。
    ■an act of holding one's ground against or halting to resist an opposing force
    反对；停下抵抗
    Custer's legendary last stand.
    卡斯特小说中传奇式的最后一搏。
    ■(Cricket). another term for partnership:
    (板球)。 同 partnership:
    they shared a second-wicket stand of 135.
    他们第二次合作共打进了135个球。
  2. a place where or object on which someone or something stands, sits, or rests, in particular
    人（或物）站立（或坐、放、休息）的地方，尤指
    ■a large raised tiered structure for spectators, typically at a sporting venue
    （尤指体育运动的）看台
    United's manager watched from the stands.
    联队的经理在看台上观战。
    ■a rack, base, or piece of furniture for holding, supporting, or displaying something
    架；座；几；台
    a microphone stand.
    一个扩音器支架。
    ■a small stall or booth in a street, market, or public building from which goods are sold
    售货处，摊
    a hot-dog stand.
    热狗摊。
    ■(chiefly Brit.)an upright structure on which an organization displays promotional material at an exhibition
    (主英)（用于展示推销品的）展览台
    ■a raised platform for a band, orchestra, or speaker
    舞台，讲台
    ■(the stand)(亦作 witness stand)a witness box
    证人席
    Sergeant Harris took the stand.
    哈里斯警官出庭作证。
    ■the place where someone typically stands or sits
    站立（或坐）的位置
    she took her stand in front of the desks.
    她站在课桌的前面。
    ■a place where vehicles, typically taxis, wait for passengers
    （车辆，尤指出租车的）候客停车处
  3. [usu. in sing.]a cessation from motion or progress
    停止，停住
    the train drew to a stand by the signal box.
    火车在信号楼旁停了下来。
    ■the mean sea level at a particular period in the past
    （过去某个特定时期的）平均海平面
    ■the state of the tide at high or low water when there is little change in water level
    （水位几乎不变时的）高潮；低潮
    ■each halt made on a touring theatrical production to give one or more performances
    巡回演出停留点
  4. a group of growing plants of a specified kind, especially trees
    （植物，尤指树木的）群，丛，簇，片
    a stand of poplars.
    一片白杨林。
    Afrikaans
  5. (S. African)a plot of land
    (南非)块地
常用词组
as it stands
  1. in its present condition
    照此情况，照这种样子
    there are no merits in the Bill as it stands.
    照现在这种情况来看，该提案没有什么优点。
    ■(亦作 as things stand)in the present circumstances
    照当前情形
    the country would struggle, as it stands, to host the next World Cup.
    照当前的情形，这个国家会尽力争取举办下一届世界杯。
be at a stand
  1. (archaic)be perplexed and unable to take action
    (古)茫然，不知所措
it stands to reason
  1. 见 reason
stand and deliver!
  1. (historical)a highwayman's order to hand over money and valuables
    (史)（拦路强盗用语）站住，留下买路钱！
stand a chance
  1. 见 chance
stand easy!
  1. 见 easy
stand one's ground
  1. maintain one's position, typically in the face of opposition
    坚持立场
    she stood her ground, refusing to let him intimidate her.
    她坚持自己的立场，拒绝让他胁迫自己。
stand someone in good stead
  1. 见 stead
stand on me
  1. (informal, dated)rely on me; believe me
    (非正式, 旧)依靠我；信任我
stand on one's own (two) feet
  1. be or become self-reliant or independent
    独立自主，自立
stand out a mile
  1. 见 mile
stand out like a sore thumb
  1. 见 sore
stand pat
  1. 见 pat
stand treat
  1. (dated)bear the expense of treating someone to something
    (旧)请客，做东
stand trial
  1. be tried in a court of law
    受审
stand up and be counted
  1. state publicly one's support for someone or something
    公开表明自己的态度（或立场）
will the real — please stand up
  1. (informal)used rhetorically to indicate that the specified person should clarify their position or reveal their true character
    (非正式)请亮出真相吧（口语中用于表示特定的人应阐明其立场或展示其本来面目）
    he was so different from the unhappy man of a week ago—would the real Jack Lawrence please stand up?.
    他与一个星期前那个闷闷不乐的人截然不同，真正的杰克•劳伦斯又回来了吗？。
派生
stander
noun
语源
  1. Old English standan (verb), stand (noun), of Germanic origin, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin stare and Greek histanai, also by the noun stead
用法
  1. The use of the past participle stood with the verb ‘to be’, as in we were stood in a line for hoursis not acceptable in standard English, where the present participle standing should be used instead. See also usage at sit
继承用法
stand alone
  1. be unequalled
    独一无二，无与伦比
    when it came to fun Fergus stood alone.
    说到开玩笑，弗格斯无人能比。
stand aside
  1. take no action to prevent, or not involve oneself in, something that is happening
    站开，让开
    the army had stood aside as the monarchy fell.
    军队在君主政体垮台的时候袖手旁观。
    ■another way of saying stand down (in sense 1) below
    见下面 stand down (义项1)
stand back
  1. withdraw from a situation emotionally in order to view it more objectively
    置身事外以更客观地观察
    ■another way of saying stand aside above
    见上面stand aside
stand by
  1. be present while something bad is happening but fail to take any action to stop it
    袖手旁观
    he was beaten to the ground as onlookers stood by.
    他被打倒在地，然而旁边的人只是袖手旁观。
  2. support or remain loyal to (someone), typically in a time of need
    站在…一边，支持；忠于
    she had stood by him during his years in prison.
    在他入狱的那些年月里，她一直对他忠心不二。
    ■adhere to or abide by (something promised, stated, or decided)
    坚守（或遵守）（诺言）
    the government must stand by its pledges.
    政府必须信守承诺。
  3. be ready to deal or assist with something
    准备行动；准备援助
    two battalions were on their way, and a third was standing by.
    两个营的军队正在路上，第三个营正在整装待发。
stand down
  1. withdraw or resign from a position or office
    退下，退出；辞职
    he stood down as leader of the party.
    他从党首的职位上退了下来。
  2. (stand down 或 stand someone down)relax or cause to relax after a state of readiness
    （使）放松
    if something doesn't happen soon, I reckon they'll stand us down.
    如果最近没有什么事发生的话，我想他们会让我们放松一下。
  3. (of a witness) leave the witness box after giving evidence
    （证人）退出证人席
stand for
  1. be an abbreviation of or symbol for
    是…的缩写；代表，表示
    BBC stands for British Broadcasting Corporation.
    BBC是英国广播公司的缩写。
  2. [with negative](informal)refuse to endure or tolerate
    (非正式)拒绝忍受；拒绝容忍
    I won't stand for any nonsense.
    我不能再容忍任何的胡闹。
  3. support (a cause or principle)
    支持
    we stand for animal welfare.
    我们支持动物福利。
stand in
  1. deputize
    替代，作替身
    Brown stood in for the injured Simpson.
    布朗替代受伤的辛普森。
  2. (Nautical)sail closer to the shore
    (航海)逐渐靠岸
stand in with
  1. (dated)be in league or partnership with
    (旧)与…勾结；与…联合
stand off
  1. move or keep away
    离开；远离
    the women stood off at a slight distance.
    那女子离得有一点远。
    ■(Nautical)sail further away from the shore
    (航海)渐离海岸
stand someone off
  1. keep someone away; repel someone
    疏远，不亲近；排斥
  2. (Brit.). another way of saying lay someone off (see lay)
    (英)。 同 lay someone off (见 lay)
stand on
  1. be scrupulous in the observance of
    拘泥于
    call me Alexander don't let's stand on formality.
    称呼我亚历山大，不要让我们拘泥于礼节。
  2. (Nautical)continue on the same course
    (航海)继续沿同一航线行进
stand out
  1. project from a surface
    突出，伸出
    the veins in his neck stood out.
    他脖子上的静脉突了出来。
    ■be easily noticeable
    清晰地显出，引人注目
    he was one of those men who stood out in a crowd.
    他是这群人中比较引人注目的一个。
    ■be clearly better or more significant than someone or something
    杰出，更突出；更重要
    four issues stand out as being of crucial importance.
    四个至关重要的问题突出来了。
  2. persist in opposition or support of something
    坚持反对；坚决支持
    she stood out against public opinion.
    她坚持反对公众舆论。
    the company stood out for the product it wanted.
    那个公司坚决拥护它需要的产品。
stand over
  1. stand close to (someone) so as to watch, supervise, or intimidate them
    密切注意，监视；胁迫
  2. (stand over 或 stand something over)be postponed or postpone to be dealt with at a later date
    推迟，延期；留待以后处理
    a number of points were stood over to a further meeting.
    很多的问题留待以后的会议来解决。
stand to
  1. [often in imperative](Military)stand ready for an attack, especially one before dawn or after dark
    (军)（尤指黎明前或天黑后）准备应对敌人的进攻
stand up
  1. (of an argument, claim, evidence, etc.) remain valid after close scrutiny or analysis
    （论点、主张、证据等）（经过详尽的研究或分析）保持有效
stand someone up
  1. (informal)fail to keep an appointment with a boyfriend or girlfriend
    (非正式)毁弃与…的婚约
stand up for
  1. speak or act in support of
    支持，拥护
    she learned to stand up for herself.
    她学会了支持她自己。
stand up to
  1. make a spirited defence against
    勇敢地面对
    giving workers the confidence to stand up to their employers.
    给工人们勇敢地面对他们雇主的信心。
  2. be resistant to the harmful effects of (prolonged wear or use)
    抵抗；顶得住（长期的磨损)，经得起（长期的使用）
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