give

give
(past gave ; past participle given )
  1. [with two objs]freely transfer the possession of (something) to (someone); hand over to
    给；递给
    they gave her water to drink.
    他们给她水喝。
    the cheque given to the jeweller proved worthless.
    给珠宝商的支票被证明是毫无价值的。
    [with obj.]he gave the papers back.
    他将论文交回。
    ■bestow (love, affection, or other emotional support)
    给予（爱、关爱等感情支持）
    his parents gave him the encouragement he needed to succeed.
    他的父母给了他成功所需的鼓励。
    [as adj. giving]he was very giving and supportive.
    他是充满爱心和乐于助人的。
    ■administer (medicine)
    给（病人）服用（药物）
    she was given antibiotics.
    他们给她服用了抗生素。
    ■hand over (an amount) in exchange or payment; pay
    买；支付
    how much did you give for that?.
    你买那东西出了多少钱？。
    ■(give something for)place a specified value on (something)
    为（某物）定价
    he never gave anything for French painting or for abstraction.
    他从来都不认为法国绘画或抽象派艺术作品是有价值的。
    ■[with obj.]used hyperbolically to express how greatly one wants to have or do something
    ［用于夸张，表示非常想要某物］放弃；付出
    I'd give anything for a cup of tea.
    只要有杯茶，让我干什么都行。
    I'd give my right arm to be in Othello.
    只要让我参加演《奥赛罗》，我断只胳膊都愿意。
    ■communicate or impart (a message) to (someone)
    转达（或传递）（信息）给（某人）
    give my love to all the girls.
    向姑娘们转达我的问候。
    ■[with obj.]commit, consign, or entrust
    交给，委托，托付
    a baby given into their care by the accident of her birth.
    一个因意外因素出生而托付给他们照顾的女婴。
    ■freely devote, set aside, or sacrifice for a purpose
    （为某一目标）付出；献出；牺牲
    all who have given thought to the matter agree.
    所有考虑过这个问题的人都同意。
    [no obj.]group committees who give so generously of their time and effort.
    慷慨贡献了时间和精力的各社团委员会。
    ■[with obj.](of a man) sanction the marriage of (his daughter) to someone
    （父亲）同意（女儿）嫁给
    he gave her in marriage to an English noble.
    他同意女儿嫁给一个英国贵族。
    ■(give oneself to)(dated)(of a woman) consent to have sexual intercourse with (a man)
    (旧)（女子）委身于（男子）
    ■pass on (an illness or infection) to (someone)
    将（病害）传（染）给
    I hope I don't give you my cold.
    希望我不会把感冒传染给你。
    ■[usu. in imperative]make a connection to allow (someone) to speak to (someone else) on the telephone
    接通（电话）
    give me the police.
    给我接警察局。
    ■cite or present when making a toast or introducing a speaker or entertainer
    （祝酒或引见演讲人或表演者时）表彰（或介绍）
    for your entertainment this evening I give you ... Mister Albert DeNero!.
    为了让大家愉快地度过今晚，我给大家介绍…艾伯特•德尼罗先生！。
  2. [with two objs]cause or allow (someone or something) to have (something, especially something abstract); provide or supply with
    使…有（某种感觉）；提供
    you gave me such a fright.
    你着实吓了我一跳。
    [with obj.]this leaflet gives our opening times.
    这本小册子提供了我们的营业时间。
    ■allot or assign (a score) to
    给…打分数
    I gave it five out of ten.
    如果满分是十分，我给它打五分。
    ■[with obj. and complement](of an umpire or referee) declare whether or not (a player) is out or offside
    （裁判）宣布（运动员）是否出局（或越位）
    Gooch was given out, caught behind.
    古奇被判出局，他是从背后被发现犯规的。
    ■[with obj.]adjudicate that (a goal) has been legitimately scored
    裁定（进球）有效
    ■sentence (someone) to (a specified penalty)
    判决（某人受指明的处罚）
    for the first offence I was given a fine.
    作为初犯我被处以罚款。
    ■concede or yield (something) as valid or deserved in respect of (someone)
    给予（某人）应得的…；承认（某事）有理
    give him his due.
    给予他应得之物。
    ■(informal)predict that (an activity, undertaking, or relationship) will last no longer than (a specified time)
    (非正式)预言（某种情况）不会持续到超过（所指明的时间）
    this is a place that will not improve with time—I give it three weeks.
    这地方跟不上形势的发展——可我认为不出三个星期这里的情况总会有所变化。
    ■[with obj.]yield as a product or result
    产出
    milk is sometimes added to give a richer cheese.
    有时候添加牛奶以得到更浓的奶酪。
    ■(give something off/out/forth)emit odour, vapour, or similar substances
    散发（气味、蒸汽等）
    it can be burnt without giving off toxic fumes.
    它可以燃烧而不散发有毒气体。
  3. [with obj.]carry out or perform (a specified action)
    做（指明的动作）
    I gave a bow.
    我鞠了一躬。
    [with two objs]he gave the counter a polish.
    他擦亮了柜台。
    ■utter or produce (a sound)
    发出（声响）
    he gave a gasp.
    他发出喘息声。
    ■provide (a party or social meal) as host or hostess
    （作为主人）举办（舞会、宴会）
    a dinner given in honour of an American diplomat.
    为一位美国外交官设宴。
    [with two objs]Korda gave him a leaving party.
    科达为他举办了饯别晚会。
  4. [with obj.]state or put forward (information or argument)
    说出（或提出）（情况，论点）
    he did not give his name.
    他没有说出他的名字。
    ■pledge or assign as a guarantee
    保证；担保
    [with two objs]I give you my word.
    我向你保证。
    ■[with two objs, usu. with negative]say to (someone) as an excuse or inappropriate answer
    借口，托辞；答非所问
    don't give me any of your backchat.
    别跟我耍嘴皮子。
    ■deliver (a judgement) authoritatively
    作出（权威性判断）
    I gave my verdict.
    我作出了自己的判断。
    ■present (an appearance or impression)
    表现，呈现（外表，印象）
    he gave no sign of life.
    他没有一丝活着的迹象。
    ■[no obj.](informal)tell what one knows
    (非正式)说出（所知道的事）
    okay, give—what's that all about?.
    好，说吧，这一切究竟是怎么回事？。
  5. [no obj.]alter in shape under pressure rather than resist or break
    （在压力下）变形
    that chair doesn't give.
    那椅子没有变形。
    ■yield or give way to pressure
    屈服于压力
    the heavy door didn't give until the fifth push.
    那厚重的门接连推了五下才打开。
    when two people who don't get on are thrust together, something's got to give.
    要是两个合不来的人被强拉在一起，彼此总得作些让步。
    ■[no obj.](N. Amer. informal)concede defeat; surrender
    (北美，非正式)认输；投降
    I give!.
    我认输！。
noun
  1. [mass noun]capacity to bend or alter in shape under pressure; elasticity
    （在压力下）弯曲或变形的能力；弹性
    plastic pots that have enough give to accommodate the vigorous roots.
    有足够弹性适应根部茁壮生长的塑料花盆。
    ■(figurative)ability to adapt or comply; flexibility
    (喻)适应（或顺应）能力；灵活性
    there is no give at all in the British position.
    英国的立场毫无可变通之处。
常用词组
give oneself airs
  1. act pretentiously or snobbishly
    装腔作势；摆架子
give and take
  1. mutual concessions and compromises
    相互让步，妥协
    ■[as verb]make concessions and compromises
    做出让步，妥协
give as good as one gets
  1. respond with equal force or vehemence when attacked
    针锋相对，以牙还牙
give the game (或 show) away
  1. inadvertently reveal something secret or concealed
    （无意中）泄露秘密（或暴露隐情）
give it to someone
  1. (informal)scold or punish someone
    (非正式)斥责（或惩罚）某人
give me —
  1. I prefer or admire —
    我宁愿要（或更喜欢）；我想要（或喜欢）
    give me the mainland any day!.
    我宁愿选择大陆！。
give me a break
  1. (informal)used to express exasperation, protest, or disbelief
    (非正式)别烦我（表示恼怒、抗议或不信）
give someone one
  1. (Brit. vulgar slang)(of a man) have sexual intercourse with a woman
    (英，粗俚)（男子）与女子性交
give or take —
  1. (informal)to within — (used to express the degree or accuracy of a figure)
    (非正式)［用于表示某一数字的准确程度］相差不会超过…，出入至多…
    three hundred and fifty years ago, give or take a few.
    350年前，估计相差至多只有几年。
    ■apart from
    除…之外
    give or take the odd aircraft bit, there are few new products.
    除了与飞机有关的小配件之外，极少新产品。
give rise to
  1. cause or induce to happen
    引起；导致
    decisions which give rise to arguments.
    引起争论的决定。
give someone to understand (或 believe 或 know)
  1. inform someone in a formal and rather indirect way
    （正式而间接）通知（某人）
    I was given to understand that I had been invited.
    我被告知得到了邀请。
give up the ghost
  1. 见 ghost
give someone what for
  1. (informal, chiefly Brit.)punish or scold someone severely
    (非正式，主英)（严厉）惩罚（或斥责）某人
not give a damn (或 hoot 等)
  1. (informal)not care at all
    (非正式)毫不在乎
    people who don't give a damn about the environment.
    对环境漠不关心的人。
what gives?
  1. (informal)what's the news?; what's happening? (frequently used as a friendly greeting)
    (非正式)有什么消息吗？近来怎么样啊？（常用作招呼语）
派生
giver
noun
语源
  1. Old English giefan, gefan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch geven and German geben
继承用法
give someone away
  1. reveal the true identity of someone
    暴露某人的真实身份
    his strangely shaped feet gave him away.
    他那双形状奇特的脚暴露了他的身份。
    ■reveal information which incriminates someone
    透露使某人涉嫌犯罪的情况
  2. hand over a bride ceremonially to her bridegroom as part of a wedding ceremony
    将新娘托付给新郎（婚礼的一个部分）
give something away
  1. reveal something secret or concealed
    泄密；暴露隐情
  2. (in sport) concede a goal or advantage to the opposition, especially through careless play
    （尤指体育比赛时不慎失误）使对方进球，丧失优势
  3. (Austral./NZ)stop doing something
    (澳／新西兰)停止做某事
    he'd given away some of the things he got up to.
    他已经洗手不干某些勾当了。
give in
  1. cease fighting or arguing; yield; surrender
    停止争斗（或争辩）；屈服；投降
    he reluctantly gave in to the pressure.
    他不情愿地向压力屈服了。
give something in
  1. (Brit.)hand in a completed document to an official or a piece of work to a supervisor
    (英)（向官员）呈交（完成的文件），（向主管）交回（完成的任务）
give on to (或 into)
  1. (Brit.)(of a window, door, corridor, etc.) overlook or lead into
    (英)（窗户、门或走廊等）俯瞰；面向，通往
    a plate glass window gave on to the roof.
    一扇厚玻璃窗开出去就是屋顶。
give out
  1. be completely used up
    完全用光
    her energy was on the verge of giving out.
    她的精力都快耗尽了。
    ■stop functioning; break down
    停止起作用；垮掉
    he curses and swears till his voice gives out.
    他不停地咒骂直到声嘶力竭。
  2. (Irish)speak in an angry or scolding way
    (爱尔兰)怒斥；责骂
    the woman began giving out to poor Paddy.
    那个女人开始责骂可怜的帕迪。
give something out
  1. distribute or broadcast something
    分发；宣布，公布
    I've been giving out leaflets.
    我一直在发传单。
    I've told the girls to give out that we've gone fishing.
    我已让女儿说我们去钓鱼了。
give over
  1. [often in imperative](Brit. informal)stop doing something
    (英，非正式)停止做某事
    ■used to express vehement disagreement or denial
    表示强烈的不同意或否认
    I suggested her salary might be £100,000. ‘Give over!’.
    我暗示她的薪水可能达到十万英镑。“瞎说！”。
give up
  1. cease making an effort; resign oneself to failure
    放弃努力；认输
give it up
  1. [usu. in imperative](US informal)applaud a performer or entertainer
    (美，非正式)（为表演者）鼓掌喝彩
give oneself up (或 over) to
  1. allow oneself to be taken over by (an emotion or addiction)
    使（自己）陷入（某种感情）；使（自己）沉溺于…
    he gave himself up to pleasure.
    他耽于享乐。
give someone up
  1. deliver a wanted person to authority
    将被通缉者送交当局
    a voice told him to come out and give himself up.
    有一个声音告诉他站出来自首。
  2. stop hoping that someone is still going to arrive
    不再指望某人会来
    oh, it's you—we'd almost given you up.
    啊，是你——我们差点儿以为你不会来了。
    ■pronounce a sick person incurable
    宣布病人不可治愈
give something up
  1. part with something that one would prefer to keep
    忍痛牺牲，割爱
    she would have given up everything for love.
    为了爱她可以放弃一切。
    ■stop the habitual doing or consuming of something
    戒除，戒掉
    I've decided to give up drinking.
    我已决定戒酒。
give up on
  1. stop having faith or belief in
    不再相信，不再信任
    they weren't about to give up on their heroes so easily.
    他们不会轻易失去对心目中英雄的信任。
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